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The Cullinan Diamond is the largest gem-quality rough diamond ever found, [2] weighing 3,106 carats (621.20 g), discovered at the Premier No.2 mine in Cullinan, South Africa, on 26 January 1905. It was named after Thomas Cullinan, the owner of the mine. In April 1905, it was put on sale in London, but despite considerable interest, it was still ...
This is a partial list of the largest non-synthetic diamonds with a rough stone (uncut) weight of over 200 carats (40 grams). [1] The list is not intended to be complete—e.g., the Cullinan (formerly Premier) mine alone has produced 135 diamonds larger than 200 carats since mining commenced.
In J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Nenya, one of the Three Rings of Power, is set with a gem of adamant; the fortress of Barad-dûr is also partly built from "adamant". The crown of Gondor is described as having "seven gems of adamant". In the tabletop roleplaying game Dungeons & Dragons, Adamantine is an exotic metal of great strength.
When discovered in 1905 the 3106.75 carat (621.35 g) Cullinan was the largest rough gem-quality diamond ever found. It was cut into 105 diamonds including the Cullinan I or the Great Star of Africa, 530.2 carats (106.04 g), and the Cullinan II or the Second Star of Africa, 317.4 carats (63.48 g), both of which are now part of the British Crown ...
Samarian Spinel, the world's largest spinel; Menshikov Ruby, the world's second largest spinel set on top of the Great Imperial Crown of Russia; Timur Ruby, believed to be a ruby until 1851, hence its name; Black Prince's Ruby, the famous spinel mounted on the Imperial State Crown of the United Kingdom
Many gems are crystals which are classified by their crystal system such as cubic or trigonal or monoclinic. Another term used is habit, the form the gem is usually found in. [12] For example, diamonds, which have a cubic crystal system, are often found as octahedrons. [13] Gemstones are classified into different groups, species, and varieties.
The Star of Adam is an oval-shaped blue star sapphire, currently the largest star sapphire in the world. [1] [2] [3] It weighs 1,404.49 carats (280.898 g; 9.9084 oz). [4]Prior to its discovery in 2015, the Black Star of Queensland, weighing 733 carats (146.6 g), was the largest star sapphire gem in the world.
The largest flawless diamond in the world is known as The Paragon, a D-color gem weighing 137.82 carats (27.564 g), [1] and the tenth largest white diamond in the world. [citation needed] The gem was mined in Brazil and attracted attention for being an exceptional white, flawless stone of great size. [2]