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A foil is an architectural device based on a symmetrical rendering of leaf shapes, defined by overlapping circles of the same diameter that produce a series of cusps to make a lobe. Typically, the number of cusps can be three ( trefoil ), four ( quatrefoil ), five (cinquefoil [ 1 ] ), or a larger number (multifoil). [ 2 ]
Multifoil arch in the Aljafería, Zaragoza, Spain. A multifoil arch (or polyfoil arch), also known as a cusped arch, [1] [2] polylobed arch, [3] [4] or scalloped arch, [5] is an arch characterized by multiple circular arcs or leaf shapes (called foils, lobes, or cusps) that are cut into its interior profile or intrados.
It is found in art, architecture, heraldry and traditional Christian symbolism. [2] The word 'quatrefoil' means "four leaves", from the Latin quattuor, "four", plus folium, "leaf"; [3] the term refers specifically to a four-leafed clover, but applies in general to four-lobed shapes in various contexts.
A trefoil (from Latin trifolium 'three-leaved plant') is a graphic form composed of the outline of three overlapping rings, used in architecture, Pagan and Christian symbolism, among other areas. The term is also applied to other symbols with a threefold shape. A similar shape with four rings is called a quatrefoil.
Foil (architecture), decorative device derived from cusps of circles; Foil stamping, a printmaking technique; Foil (fencing), one of the three weapons used in modern fencing; Foil (fiction), a subsidiary character who emphasizes the traits of a main character Comedic or comic foil, the straight man in a comedy double act
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In ecclesial architecture, it is also used of the area between the baluster of a Catholic church and the high altar (what is usually called the sanctuary or chancel). Peristyle A continuous porch of columns surrounding a courtyard or garden (see also Peristasis). In ecclesial architecture, the term cloister is used. Phiale
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