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Multispectral and hyperspectral differences. Hyperspectral imaging is part of a class of techniques commonly referred to as spectral imaging or spectral analysis. The term “hyperspectral imaging” derives from the development of NASA's Airborne Imaging Spectrometer (AIS) and AVIRIS in the mid-1980s.
A figure illustrating the differences between multi-and hyperspectral imaging. A hyperspectral sensor collects spectral data in a continuous spectrum whereas a multispectral sensor collects spectral data in varying bandwidths in the EM spectrum. In modern times, multi-and hyperspectral imaging sensors are mainly adopted in spectroradiometry.
Subcategories of multispectral remote sensing include hyperspectral, in which hundreds of bands are collected and analyzed, and ultraspectral remote sensing where many hundreds of bands are used (Logicon, 1997). The main purpose of multispectral imaging is the potential to classify the image using multispectral classification.
Multispectral imaging has also found use in document and painting analysis. [3] [4] Multispectral imaging measures light in a small number (typically 3 to 15) of spectral bands. Hyperspectral imaging is a special case of spectral imaging where often hundreds of contiguous spectral bands are available. [5]
Hyperspectral images are often represented as an image cube, which is type of data cube. [3] Applications of spectral imaging [4] include art conservation, astronomy, solar physics, planetology, and Earth remote sensing. It also applies to digital and print reproduction, and exhibition lighting design for small and medium cultural institutions. [5]
Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI): The most commonly used remote sensing index [19] that calculates the ratio of the difference and sum between the Near Infrared and Red bands of multispectral images. It normally takes values between -1 and +1. It is mostly used in vegetation dynamics monitoring, [20] including biomass quantification.
Remote sensing in oceanography is a widely used observational technique [1] which enables researchers to acquire data of a location without physically measuring at that location. Remote sensing in oceanography mostly refers to measuring properties of the ocean surface with sensors on satellites or planes, which compose an image of captured ...
Hyperspectral imaging of the entire bandwidth of the mid-infrared can be achieved within seconds using ultrashort mid-infrared pulses. [21] Remote chemical imaging of a simultaneous release of SF 6 and NH 3 at 1.5km using the Telops Hyper-Cam imaging spectrometer [22] For types of MIR microscope, see Microscopy#Infrared microscopy.
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