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  2. Reflection (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflection_(physics)

    Reflection of light is either specular (mirror-like) or diffuse (retaining the energy, but losing the image) depending on the nature of the interface.In specular reflection the phase of the reflected waves depends on the choice of the origin of coordinates, but the relative phase between s and p (TE and TM) polarizations is fixed by the properties of the media and of the interface between them.

  3. 3rd century BC Euclid is the first to write about reflection and refraction and notes that light travels in straight lines [4] 3rd century BC – The Baghdad Battery is dated from this period. It resembles a galvanic cell and is believed by some to have been used for electroplating , although there is no common consensus on the purpose of these ...

  4. History of optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_optics

    Optics began with the development of lenses by the ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamians, followed by theories on light and vision developed by ancient Greek philosophers, and the development of geometrical optics in the Greco-Roman world. The word optics is derived from the Greek term τα ὀπτικά meaning 'appearance, look'. [1]

  5. Newton's reflector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_reflector

    The mirror was aperture reduced to an effective aperture of 1.3 inches by placing a disk with a hole in it between the observer's eye and the eyepiece. The telescope had a flat diagonal secondary mirror bouncing the light at a 90° angle to a Plano-convex eyepiece with a probable focal length of 4.5mm yielding his observed 35 times ...

  6. Light - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light

    Beam of sun light inside the cavity of Rocca ill'Abissu at Fondachelli-Fantina, Sicily. The speed of light in vacuum is defined to be exactly 299 792 458 m/s (approximately 186,282 miles per second). The fixed value of the speed of light in SI units results from the fact that the metre is now defined in terms of the speed of light.

  7. Opticks - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opticks

    Opticks: or, A Treatise of the Reflexions, Refractions, Inflexions and Colours of Light is a collection of three books by Isaac Newton that was published in English in 1704 (a scholarly Latin translation appeared in 1706). [1]

  8. Reflecting telescope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflecting_telescope

    Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy 24-inch convertible Newtonian/Cassegrain reflecting telescope on display at the Franklin Institute. A reflecting telescope (also called a reflector) is a telescope that uses a single or a combination of curved mirrors that reflect light and form an image.

  9. Euclid's Optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclid's_Optics

    From Sight to Light. The Passage from Ancient to Modern Optics. Chicago & London: The University of Chicago Press. English translation of Euclid's Optics; Latin text of Euclid's Optics from Euclidis Opera Omnia, ed. J.L. Heiberg, vol. VII