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Neuroplasticity is the process by which neurons adapt to a disturbance over time, and most often occurs in response to repeated exposure to stimuli. [27] Aerobic exercise increases the production of neurotrophic factors [note 1] (e.g., BDNF, IGF-1, VEGF) which mediate improvements in cognitive functions and various forms of memory by promoting blood vessel formation in the brain, adult ...
Sometimes sports injuries can be so severe that they lead to death. In 2010 48 youths died from sports injuries. [48] The leading causes of death in youth sports are sudden cardiac arrest, concussion, heat illness and external sickling. [49] Cardiac-related deaths are usually due to an undiagnosed cardiovascular disorder. [50]
Overtraining can be described as a point where a person may have a decrease in performance and plateauing as a result of failure to consistently perform at a certain level or training load; a load which exceeds their recovery capacity. [2] People who are overtrained cease making progress, and can even begin to lose strength and fitness ...
A hormone released during a workout reduces the plaques and tangles in the brain thought to cause the incurable condition
[13] [19] Other markers of muscle damage, such as aldolase, troponin, carbonic anhydrase type 3 and fatty acid-binding protein (FABP), are mainly used in chronic muscle diseases. [19] The transaminases , enzymes abundant in both liver and muscle tissue, are also usually increased; this can lead to the condition being confused with acute liver ...
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Obesity is a complex disease that affects whole-body metabolism and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Physical exercise results in numerous health benefits and is an important tool to combat obesity and its co-morbidities, including cardiovascular diseases. Exercise prevents both the ...
Risks that lead to ER include exercise in hot and humid conditions, improper hydration, inadequate recovery between bouts of exercise, intense physical training, and inadequate fitness levels for beginning high-intensity workouts. [3] Eccentric contraction of muscles can result in ER more often than concentric contraction. [4]