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Heat-labile enterotoxin family. In molecular biology, the heat-labile enterotoxin family includes Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (Elt or LT) and cholera toxin (Ctx) secreted by Vibrio cholerae . lt is so named because it is inactivated at high temperatures.
An enterotoxin is a protein exotoxin released by a microorganism that targets the intestines. [1] They can be chromosomally or plasmid encoded. [2] They are heat labile (>60⁰), of low molecular weight and water-soluble. Enterotoxins are frequently cytotoxic and kill cells by altering the apical membrane permeability of the mucosal ...
Cholera toxin (also known as choleragen and sometimes abbreviated to CTX, Ctx or CT) is an AB5 multimeric protein complex secreted by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. [1] [2] CTX is responsible for the massive, watery diarrhea characteristic of cholera infection. [3] It is a member of the heat-labile enterotoxin family .
In the field of molecular biology, enterotoxin type B, also known as Staphylococcal enterotoxin B ( SEB ), is an enterotoxin produced by the gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. It is a common cause of food poisoning, with severe diarrhea, nausea and intestinal cramping often starting within a few hours of ingestion. [1]
Members of heat-stable enterotoxin B family assume a helical secondary structure, with two alpha helices forming a disulfide cross-linked alpha-helical hairpin. The disulfide bonds are crucial for the toxic activity of the protein, and are required for maintenance of the tertiary structure, and subsequent interaction with the particulate form ...
e. Thermolabile refers to a substance which is subject to, decomposition, or change in response to heat. This term is often used describe biochemical substances. [1] For example, many bacterial exotoxins are thermolabile and can be easily inactivated by the application of moderate heat. Enzymes are also thermolabile and lose their activity when ...
When heat-related illness begins, one of the first signs is a rapid heart rate, according to Dr Roxana Chicas, a nurse and assistant professor at Emory University. Then, if that lasts long enough ...
The deactivated exotoxins are called toxoids and they are not harmful to somatic cells. An exotoxin is a toxin secreted by bacteria. [1] An exotoxin can cause damage to the host by destroying cells or disrupting normal cellular metabolism. They are highly potent and can cause major damage to the host. Exotoxins may be secreted, or, similar to ...