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Perineal hernia is a hernia involving the perineum (pelvic floor).The hernia may contain fluid, fat, any part of the intestine, the rectum, or the bladder.It is known to occur in humans, dogs, and other mammals, and often appears as a sudden swelling to one side (sometimes both sides) of the anus.
Levator ani syndrome is a condition characterized by burning pain or tenesmus of the rectal or perineal area, [1] caused by spasm of the levator ani muscle. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] The genesis of the syndrome is unknown; however, inflammation of the arcus tendon is a possible cause of levator ani syndrome.
As such, pain associated with constipation (either chronic, or acute), penetrative anal intercourse, trauma (such as tears or fissures of the rectal sphincter or anal canal), side-effects of some medications (particularly opiates), or rectal foreign body insertion preclude this diagnosis. The pain episode subsides by itself as the spasm ...
A rectal prolapse occurs when walls of the rectum have prolapsed to such a degree that they protrude out of the anus and are visible outside the body. [2] However, most researchers agree that there are 3 to 5 different types of rectal prolapse, depending on whether the prolapsed section is visible externally, and whether the full or only partial thickness of the rectal wall is involved.
The signs and symptoms are variable, and in up to 25% of patients there may be no symptoms. [3] The most common signs and symptoms are bleeding, which can vary from minor to severe, rectal prolapse and incomplete evacuation (35%-76% of cases). [4]
Up to 80 percent of dogs infected will have symptoms, but the mortality rate is only 5 to 8 percent. [5] Infectious canine hepatitis is a sometimes fatal infectious disease of the liver. [6] Canine herpesvirus is an infectious disease that is a common cause of death in puppies less than three weeks old. [7]
Diagnosis is by rectal examination. A specialized tool called a "Perineocaliper" can be used to measure the descent of the perineum. A retro anal ultrasound scan may demonstrate the condition. [1] "Anti sagging tests", whereby the abnormal descent is corrected temporarily, may help to show whether symptoms are due to descending perineum ...
Abdominal pain, vomiting, and stool with mucus and blood are present in acute gastroenteritis, but diarrhea is the leading symptom. Rectal prolapse can be differentiated by projecting mucosa that can be felt in continuity with the perianal skin, whereas in intussusception the finger may pass indefinitely into the depth of the sulcus.