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Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. [3] Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. [3] When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague such as feeling tired, weak, short of breath, or having decreased ability to exercise. [1]
About 30% of people have atypical symptoms. [8] Women more often present without chest pain and instead have neck pain, arm pain or feel tired. [11] Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. [12] An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest. [3] [4]
Women, diabetic individuals, and elderly individuals are more likely to present with atypical symptoms other than chest pain. [8] Women may present with back pain, shortness of breath, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting. [19] Heart disease in women goes undetected prior to a major cardiac event in up to 60% of cases. [19]
Hospital cases at new high as health chiefs raise fears that those with symptoms are failing to seek help
Main symptoms that may appear in anemia [20] The hand of a person with severe anemia (on the left, with ring) compared to one without (on the right). A person with anemia may not have any symptoms, depending on the underlying cause, and no symptoms may be noticed, as the anemia is initially mild, and then the symptoms become worse as the anemia worsens.
Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) [1] [2] or anemia of chronic inflammation [3] is a form of anemia seen in chronic infection, chronic immune activation, and malignancy. These conditions all produce elevation of interleukin-6 , which stimulates hepcidin production and release from the liver.
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Symptoms of the acute coronary syndromes are similar. [8] The cardinal symptom of critically decreased blood flow to the heart is chest pain, experienced as tightness, pressure, or burning. [9] Localization is most commonly around or over the chest and may radiate or be located to the arm, shoulder, neck, back, upper abdomen, or jaw. [9]