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Treatment of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia may improve endothelial function in people taking statins (HMGCoA-reductase inhibitor), and renin angiotensin system inhibitors, such as ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists. [28] [29] Calcium channel blockers and selective beta 1 antagonists may also improve endothelial ...
Further, there is an inverse relationship between age and levels of EPCs. Inverse of endothelial dysfunction also occurs when other risk factors are treated. [21] With a decline in EPCs the body loses its ability to repair the endothelium. [18] The use of stem cells for treatment has become a growing interest in the scientific community.
Anti–vascular endothelial growth factor therapy, also known as anti-VEGF (/ v ɛ dʒ ˈ ɛ f /) therapy or medication, is the use of medications that block vascular endothelial growth factor. This is done in the treatment of certain cancers and in age-related macular degeneration .
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, / v ɛ dʒ ˈ ɛ f /), originally known as vascular permeability factor (VPF), [1] is a signal protein produced by many cells that stimulates the formation of blood vessels.
A growth factor is a naturally occurring substance capable of stimulating cell proliferation, wound healing, and occasionally cellular differentiation. [1] Usually it is a secreted protein or a steroid hormone .
Vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI), also known as TNF-like ligand 1A (TL1A) and TNF superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15), is protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFSF15 gene. VEGI is an anti-angiogenic protein. [5] It belongs to tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, where it is member 15. [6]
Endothelial colony forming cells (or ECFCs) are adult endothelial progenitor cells capable of differentiating to regenerate endothelial cell populations. They are residents of adult vasculature and are also thought to migrate to areas of injury as one form of circulating endothelial cell . [ 1 ]
Endothelial progenitor cell (or EPC) is a term that has been applied to multiple different cell types that play roles in the regeneration of the endothelial lining of blood vessels. Outgrowth endothelial cells are an EPC subtype committed to endothelial cell formation. [ 1 ]