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  2. Logic in Islamic philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic_in_Islamic_philosophy

    The first original Arabic writings on logic were produced by al-Kindi (Alkindus) (805–873), who produced a summary on earlier logic up to his time. The first writings on logic with non-Aristotelian elements was produced by al-Farabi (Alfarabi) (873–950), who discussed the topics of future contingents, the number and relation of the categories, the relation between logic and grammar, and ...

  3. Liar paradox in early Islamic tradition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liar_paradox_in_early...

    Athīr al-Dīn Mufaḍḍal (b. ʿUmar Abharī, d. 663/1264) was a Persian philosopher, astronomer and mathematician from the city of Abhar in Persia.There is some speculation that his works on the Liar paradox could have been known to Western logicians, and in particular to Thomas Bradwardine.

  4. Logos (Islam) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logos_(Islam)

    In the writings of many of the most prominent Sunni Islamic metaphysicians, philosophers, and mystics of the Islamic Golden Age, Muhammad, who is given the title of "Seal of the Prophets" in the Quran, [5] was understood to be "both a manifestation of the Logos and the Logos itself, he was also very kind and had prayed for his people every night, and was always very worried about his people. [6]

  5. Six Kalimas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Kalimas

    Kalimat aṭ-Ṭayyibah (Word of Purity) لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّٰهُ مُحَمَّدٌ رَّسُولُ ٱللَّٰهِ ‎ There is no deity but Allah (God), Muhammad is the messenger of Allah (God). [4] [5] lā ʾilāha ʾillā -llāh u muḥammadur rasūlu -llāh i: 2. كَلِمَاتْ اَلشَّهَادَة ...

  6. Islamic ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_ethics

    Islamic ethics (Arabic: أخلاق إسلامية) is the "philosophical reflection upon moral conduct" with a view to defining "good character" and attaining the "pleasure of God" (raza-e Ilahi).

  7. List of Sunni books - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Sunni_books

    al-I`lam bi Hudud Qawa'id al-Islam by Qadi Ayyad; Daqa`iq al-akhbar fi dhikr al-janna wa-l-nar by Qadi Ayyad; Al-Ghunya li-Talibi Tariq al-Haqq by Shaykh Abdul Qadir Gilani; Al-Fath ar-Rabbani by Shaykh Abdul Qadir Gilani; Al-Baz al-Ashhab by Ibn al-Jawzi; Lum'ah al-I'tiqad by Ibn Qudama al-Maqdisi; Al-Aqīdah Al-Wasitiyyah by Ibn Taymiyyah

  8. Hidden Words - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidden_Words

    A page from the Hidden Words by calligrapher Mishkín-Qalam. The Hidden Words (Kalimát-i-Maknúnih, Arabic: کلمات مكنونة, Persian: کلمات مکنونه) is a book written by Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith, around 1858.

  9. Hujjat al-Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hujjat_al-Islam

    Hujjat al-Islam (Arabic: حجة الإسلام, romanized: ḥujjat ul-Islām, Persian: حجةالاسلام or حجت‌الاسلام, romanized: hojjat-ol-Eslām) is an Islamic honorific title which translates in English to "authority on Islam" or "proof of Islam".