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) is an individual with specialised knowledge or a teacher of any field of knowledge in Hinduism, [1] particularly the Vedic scriptures, dharma, or Hindu philosophy; in colonial-era literature, the term generally refers to lawyers specialized in Hindu law. [3] Whereas, today the title is used for experts in other subjects, such as music.
Madan Mohan Malaviya (25 December 1861 — 12 November 1946; Hindi pronunciation: [məd̪ən̪ moːɦən̪ maːlʋiːj(ə)] ⓘ) was an Indian scholar, educational reformer and activist notable for his role in the Indian independence movement.
During Hindu festivals, as well as traditional events such as weddings, the sacred thread ceremony, kumbhabhishekams, antyesti, and special deity-specific ceremonies, priests may be called upon to conduct pujas. In order to perform a puja, the priests are required to have prior skills and knowledge.
The term originates from the Sanskrit term pandit (paṇḍitá पण्डित), meaning "knowledge owner" or "learned man". [4] It refers to someone who is erudite in various subjects and who conducts religious ceremonies and offers counsel to the king and usually referred to a person from the Hindu Brahmin but may also refer to the siddhas, Siddhars, Naths, ascetics, sadhus, or yogis ().
A primary school book published under Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan Punjab. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan was started in 2000s by the government of India to provide free and compulsory education to the children from 6 to 14 years of age. [9] In August 2024, Punjab government announced that it is planning to start a new project called "Schools of happiness".
A nearly identical system was observed, described, and documented in Adam's 1836 report on vernacular education in Bengal and Bihar. This report detailed village schools where boys, typically between the ages of 5–6 and 10–12, received instruction from a respectable guru at or near his home for a small fee. [29]
The National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986, provided for environment awareness, science and technology education, and introduction of traditional elements such as Yoga into the Indian secondary school system. [130] A significant feature of India's secondary school system is the emphasis on inclusion of the disadvantaged sections of the ...
The gurukul would be a hut in a forest, or it was, in some cases, a monastery, called a matha or ashram or sampradaya in different parts of India. [7] [60] [61] Each ashram had a lineage of gurus, who would study and focus on certain schools of Hindu philosophy or trade, [54] [55] also known as the guru-shishya parampara (teacher-student ...