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Between 14 and 19 June 2024, at least 1,301 people on the Hajj pilgrimage in Mecca died due to extreme heat, with temperatures exceeding 50 °C (122 °F). [1] [2] Extreme heat caused heat stroke and dehydration, leading to the deaths. The hottest recorded temperature reported in the Grand Mosque of Mecca was 51.8 °C (125.2 °F). [3]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 20 January 2025. Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca "Haj" redirects here. For other uses, see Hajj (disambiguation) and Haj (disambiguation). Hajj حَجّ Pilgrims at the Al-Masjid Al-Haram Mosque in Mecca on Hajj in 2010 Status Active Genre Religious pilgrimage Begins 8th day of Dhu al-Hijja Ends 12th or 13th ...
Cover for a Damascus Mahmal, Istanbul, 16th century. Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of Pilgrimage. A mahmal (Arabic: مَحْمَل, romanized: maḥmal) is a ceremonial passenger-less litter that was carried on a camel among caravans of pilgrims on the Hajj, the pilgrimage to Mecca which is a sacred duty in Islam.
924: The Hajj caravan returning from Mecca to Iraq is attacked and destroyed by the Qarmatians. [17] 925: The Hajj caravan setting out from Kufa is stopped by Qarmatian attacks and forced to return to Iraq. [18] 930: On the first day of Hajj, Qarmatian leader Abu Tahir al-Jannabi led an attack on Mecca and set about massacring the pilgrims.
The 2001 Hajj stampede resulted in the deaths of at least 35 pilgrims on 5 March 2001 during the Hajj in Mecca. [1] The incident took place during the Stoning of Satan ritual. The pilgrims were killed after a large crowd surged towards one of the three giant pillars representing the devil at which worshippers cast stones.
The main threat to a Hajj caravan was Bedouin raiding. An amir al-hajj would command a large military force to protect the caravan in the event of an attack by local Bedouin, or would pay off the various Bedouin tribes whose territories the caravan had to traverse on the way to the Muslim holy cities in the Hejaz. [4]
A camel caravan traveling to Mecca for the annual pilgrimage, c. 1910. The pilgrimage to Mecca is attested in some pre-Islamic Arabic poetry.Compared to Islamic-era poetry where the Hajj appears ubiquitously, only a small number of references are found to it in pre-Islamic poetry, indicating that its Arabian centrality was a development of Islamic times. [5]
The Sack of Mecca occurred on 11 January 930, when the Qarmatians of Bahrayn sacked the Muslim holy city amidst the rituals of the Hajj pilgrimage.. The Qarmatians, a radical Isma'ili sect established in Bahrayn since the turn of the 9th century, had previously attacked the caravans of Hajj pilgrims and even invaded and raided Iraq, the heartland of the Abbasid Caliphate, in 927–928.