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A pseudoaneurysm, also known as a false aneurysm, is a locally contained hematoma outside an artery or the heart due to damage to the vessel wall. [1] The injury passes through all three layers of the arterial wall, causing a leak, which is contained by a new, weak "wall" formed by the products of the clotting cascade. [1]
The last category, alterations in the constitution of blood, [6] has numerous possible risk factors such as hyperviscosity, coagulation factor V Leiden mutation, coagulation factor II G2021A mutation, deficiency of antithrombin III, protein C or S deficiency, nephrotic syndrome, changes after severe trauma or burn, cancer, late pregnancy and ...
The neck of the aneurysm is the most at risk due to the combination of a small wall thickness and high wall shear stress. When the wall shear stress reaches its limit, the aneurysm ruptures, leading to intracranial hemorrhage. Conversely, another risk of aneurysms is the creation of clots. Aneurysms create a pocket which diverts blood flow.
The dilation of the pulmonary artery in close proximity to or involvement within the lung cavity leads to the formation of a pseudoaneurysm. [2] [4] As is typical with any aneurysm, Rasmussen aneurysm carries the inherent risk of rupture, which may result in life-threatening massive hemoptysis, characterized by the coughing of blood. Such ...
Mild disease has a risk of death of about 10% while moderate disease has a risk of death of 20%. [5] When it occurs as a result of bone marrow transplant and multiorgan failure is present, the risk of death is greater than 80%.
Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia typically manifest as deep nodules or well-defined, round, red, or purple superficial papules.They are usually tiny, ranging in size from 0.5 to 5 cm. [3] IPEH lesions are most common in the digits and among blood arteries throughout the body, although they can also form in the head, neck, and body.
Other risk factors that contributes to the formation of aneurysm are: cigarette smoking, hypertension, female gender, family history of cerebral aneurysm, infection, and trauma. Damage to structural integrity of the arterial wall by shear stress causes an inflammatory response with the recruitment of T cells, macrophages, and mast cells.
An important non-genetic risk factor is the use of estrogen-containing forms of hormonal contraception, which is implicated in 22% of cases of Budd–Chiari syndrome. [2] Other less common risk factors include systemic diseases such as aspergillosis , Behçet's disease , connective tissue disease , mastocytosis , inflammatory bowel disease ...