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The 1833 Factory Act stipulated that no child under the age of 9 could be legally employed, children 9 to 13 years old could not work more than 8 hours, and children 14 to 18 could not work more than 12 hours a day, children could not work at night, children needed to attend a minimum of 2 hours of education a day, and employers needed age ...
Income from working children, even if small, may be between 25 and 40% of the household income. Other scholars such as Harsch on African child labour, and Edmonds and Pavcnik on global child labour have reached the same conclusion. [15] [58] [59] While poverty is a significant factor, the relationship between poverty and child labor is complex.
Although child labour was common in pre-industrial times, children would generally help their parents with the farming or cottage crafts. By the late 18th century, however, children were specially employed at the factories and mines and as chimney sweeps , [ 38 ] often working long hours in dangerous jobs for low pay. [ 39 ]
Child labor in the United States was a common phenomenon across the economy in the 19th century. Outside agriculture, it gradually declined in the early 20th century, except in the South which added children in textile and other industries. Child labor remained common in the agricultural sector until compulsory school laws were enacted by the ...
State-level rollbacks to child labor protections show the need for a constitutional amendment introduced 100 years ago.
In 1839 Prussia was the first country to pass laws restricting child labor in factories and setting the number of hours a child could work, [1] although a child labour law was passed was in 1836 in the state of Massachusetts. [2] Almost the entirety of Europe had child labour laws in place by 1890.
In the 100 years since the passage of the Child Labor Amendment enormous changes occurred in the U.S. economy, in society, and in the educational and work lives of children.
The Wages and Hours (later Fair Labor Standards) Act is passed, banning child labor and setting the 40-hour work week. [40] The Act went into effect in October 1940, and was upheld in the Supreme Court on 3 February 1941. 1939 (United States) Chrysler Auto Strike occurred. [40] Flint Sit-Down Strike window 1939 (United States)