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An advertisement for Edison New Standard Phonograph, 1898 An advertisement for the Columbia Grafonola. This is a list of phonograph manufacturers.The phonograph, in its later forms also called a gramophone, record player or turntable, is a device introduced in 1877 for the mechanical recording and reproduction of sound.
Three vinyl records of different formats, from left to right: a 12 inch LP, a 10 inch LP, a 7 inch single. A phonograph record (also known as a gramophone record, especially in British English) or a vinyl record (for later varieties only) is an analog sound storage medium in the form of a flat disc with an inscribed, modulated spiral groove.
The most common rotational speeds for gramophone records are 33 + 1 ⁄ 3 revolutions per minute (rpm), 45 rpm, and 78 rpm. Established as the only common rotational speed prior to the 1940s, the 78 became increasingly less common throughout the 1950s and into more modern decades as the 33 and the 45 became established as the new standards for ...
Luxor Empire radiogram from 1948. Typical for the 78 rpm era, the record player is a changer, designed to be loaded with a stack of shellac records. Braun Table Radiogram, Model SK5, c 1962. In British English, a radiogram is a piece of furniture that combined a radio and record player. [1] The word radiogram is a portmanteau of radio and ...
Larger size Victor blanks were introduced late in 1931, when RCA-Victor introduced the Radiola-Electrola RE-57. These machines were capable of recording at 33 1 ⁄ 3 rpm as well as 78 rpm. One could select to record something from the radio or one could record using the hand-held microphone.
On a conventional gramophone or phonograph, the limited playing time of 78 rpm gramophone records (averaging a little over four minutes per 12-inch side, and a little over three per 10-inch side) meant that listeners had to get up to change records at regular intervals. The Automatic Orthophonic allowed the listener to load a stack of several ...
The company also manufactured their own brand of player, the Monarch automatic record changer, which could select and play 7", 10" and 12" records at 16, 33 1 ⁄ 3, 45 or 78 rpm, automatically intermixing differing disc sizes, although the speed had to be changed manually. [2]
This significantly reduced breakage during transport. The first commercial vinylite record was the set of five 12" discs "Prince Igor" (Asch Records album S-800, dubbed from Soviet masters in 1945). Victor began selling some home-use vinyl 78s in late 1945; but most 78s were made of a shellac compound until the 78-rpm format was completely ...