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  2. Illusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illusion

    An auditory illusion is an illusion of hearing, the auditory equivalent of a visual illusion: the listener hears either sounds which are not present in the stimulus, or "impossible" sounds. In short, audio illusions highlight areas where the human ear and brain, as organic, makeshift tools, differ from perfect audio receptors (for better or for ...

  3. Ponzo illusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponzo_illusion

    An example of the Ponzo illusion. Both of the horizontal yellow lines are the same length. The Ponzo illusion is a geometrical-optical illusion that takes its name from the Italian psychologist Mario Ponzo (1882–1960). Ponzo never claimed to have discovered it, and it is indeed present in earlier work.

  4. Shepard tables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepard_tables

    Shepard had described an earlier, less-powerful version of the illusion in 1981 as the "parallelogram illusion" (Perceptual Organization, pp. 297–9). [1] The illusion can also be constructed using identical trapezoids rather than identical parallelograms. [7] A variant of the Shepard tabletop illusion was named "Best Illusion of the Year" for ...

  5. Multistable perception - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multistable_perception

    Multistable perception (or bistable perception) is a perceptual phenomenon in which an observer experiences an unpredictable sequence of spontaneous subjective changes. While usually associated with visual perception (a form of optical illusion ), multistable perception can also be experienced with auditory and olfactory percepts.

  6. Ambiguous image - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambiguous_image

    These are famous for inducing the phenomenon of multistable perception. Multistable perception is the occurrence of an image being able to provide multiple, although stable, perceptions. One of the earliest examples of this type is the rabbit–duck illusion, first published in Fliegende Blätter, a German humor magazine. [1]

  7. List of cognitive biases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

    Attentional bias, the tendency of perception to be affected by recurring thoughts. [24] Frequency illusion or Baader–Meinhof phenomenon. The frequency illusion is that once something has been noticed then every instance of that thing is noticed, leading to the belief it has a high frequency of occurrence (a form of selection bias). [25]

  8. Subjective constancy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjective_constancy

    However, sensory and perception systems can be tricked by the use of illusions. Size constancy is related to distance, experience, and environment. [citation needed] Some examples of size constancy are Müller-Lyer illusion and Ponzo illusion. Another illusion experienced every day is the size of the moon – when closer to the horizon, the ...

  9. Tactile illusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tactile_illusion

    This illusion occurs also in vision [9] and audition. [10] The kappa effect or perceptual time dilation [7] is a complementary illusion to the tau effect: taps separated by equal temporal intervals are perceived to be separated by unequal temporal interval, depending on the spatial intervals between the taps. Specifically, a longer spatial ...