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Tree peony hybrid 'Maxime Cornu' of the P. × lemoinei group, is a hybrid between subsection Delavayana (P. delavayi) and subsection Vaginatae (P. suffruticosa 'La Ville de Saint-Denis'). Tree peony is the vernacular name for the section Moutan of the plant genus Paeonia , or one of the species or cultivars belonging to this section.
The tree peony was introduced in Europe and planted in Kew Gardens in 1789. The main centre of peony breeding in Europe has been in the United Kingdom, and particularly France. Here, breeders like Victor Lemoine and François Félix Crousse selected many new varieties, mainly with P. lactiflora, such as "Avant Garde" and "Le Printemps".
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Paeonia delavayi is a low woody shrub belonging to the peony family, and is endemic to China. The vernacular name in China is 滇牡丹 (diān mǔdan). In English it is called Delavay's tree peony, Delavay peony, Dian peony, and dian mu dan. It mostly has reddish-brown to yellow, nodding flowers from mid May to mid June.
Paeonia × suffruticosa is the name used for most tree peony cultivars, but is not a naturally occurring species, so it can be regarded as the name for a man-made hybrid swarm. Genetic analysis has shown that five species of the subsection Vaginatae together make up the parentage of the tree peony cultivars created before World War II.
Paeonia rockii, or Rock's peony, is a woody species of tree peony that was named after Joseph Rock. It is one of several species given the vernacular name tree peony, and is native to the mountains of Gansu and adjoining provinces in China. In Chinese, it is known as 紫斑牡丹 (pinyin: zǐbān mǔdān).
Paeonia ludlowii is a deciduous shrub of medium height, belonging to the tree peony section Moutan of the genus Paeonia, and endemic to southeast Tibet. In Tibet it is known as ≠'lumaidao' meaning "God's flower". The vernacular name in Chinese is 大花黄牡丹 (da hua huang mu dan) meaning "big
Paeonia lactiflora was known as the white peony (P. albiflora) when first introduced into Europe. [4] It was brought to England in the mid-18th century, and is the parent of most modern varieties. It has been grown as an ornamental in China since the 7th century. [2] The Latin specific epithet lactiflora means "with milk white flowers". [5]