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The book's namesake comes from the scientific confusion over how ordinary matter makes up only four percent of the mass–energy in the universe, with the rest consisting of mysterious dark matter and dark energy that are both invisible and almost impossible to detect. [2]
English: The number-line is broken into the two major classifications of dark matter particle hypotheses, particle-like dark matter (e.g. WIMPs) and wave-like dark matter (e.g. axions). The Compton wavelength and Compton frequency of the particles are shown for comparison, along with a few major reference points.
In standard cosmology, there are three components of the universe: matter, radiation, and dark energy. This matter is anything whose energy density scales with the inverse cube of the scale factor, i.e., ρ ∝ a −3, while radiation is anything whose energy density scales to the inverse fourth power of the scale factor (ρ ∝ a −4).
Michael S. Turner (born July 29, 1949) [1] is an American theoretical cosmologist who coined the term dark energy in 1998. [2] He is the Rauner Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus of Physics at the University of Chicago, [3] having previously served as the Bruce V. & Diana M. Rauner Distinguished Service Professor, [4] and as the assistant director for Mathematical and Physical Sciences ...
Neil deGrasse Tyson's Astrophysics for People in a Hurry is a popular introduction to the main concepts and issues of modern astrophysics.The author explains the origin and structure of the Universe, the force of gravity, light, dark matter and dark energy, about our place in the Cosmos and how we try to understand its laws.
The fraction of the total energy density of our (flat or almost flat) universe that is dark energy, , is estimated to be 0.669 ± 0.038 based on the 2018 Dark Energy Survey results using Type Ia supernovae [7] or 0.6847 ± 0.0073 based on the 2018 release of Planck satellite data, or more than 68.3% (2018 estimate) of the mass–energy density ...
Dark energy dominates the total energy (74%) while dark matter (22%) constitutes most of the mass. Of the remaining baryonic matter (4%), only one tenth is compact. In February 2015, the European-led research team behind the Planck cosmology probe released new data refining these values to 4.9% ordinary matter, 25.9% dark matter and 69.1% dark ...
In these models, the quintessence field has a density which closely tracks (but is less than) the radiation density until matter-radiation equality, which triggers quintessence to start having characteristics similar to dark energy, eventually dominating the universe. This naturally sets the low scale of the dark energy. [12]