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A rib fracture is a break in a rib bone. [1] This typically results in chest pain that is worse with inspiration. [1] Bruising may occur at the site of the break. [3] When several ribs are broken in several places a flail chest results. [4] Potential complications include a pneumothorax, pulmonary contusion, and pneumonia. [2] [1]
Flail chest typically occurs when three or more adjacent ribs are fractured in two or more places, allowing that segment of the thoracic wall to displace and move independently of the rest of the chest wall. Flail chest can also occur when ribs are fractured proximally in conjunction with disarticulation of costal cartilages distally. For the ...
Management is a mixture of medical (eg pain relief, respiratory support, chest drainage and antibiotics), non-medical (physiotherapy and rehabilitation) and surgical (fixation of rib fractures if appropriate and operative treatment of cardiac, lung, airway, diaphragm and oesophageal injuries).
This rudimentary rib causes fibrous changes around the brachial plexus nerves, inducing compression and causing the symptoms and signs of TOS. This is called a "cervical rib" because of its attachment to C-7 (the seventh cervical vertebra), and its surgical removal is almost always recommended. The symptoms of TOS can first appear in the early ...
The condition may also occur when a fractured rib punctures a lung; [9] in fact, 27% of patients who have rib fractures also have subcutaneous emphysema. [11] Rib fractures may tear the parietal pleura, the membrane lining the inside of chest wall, allowing air to escape into the subcutaneous tissues. [13]
The most common mechanism is the penetration of sharp bony points at a new rib fracture, which damages lung tissue. [18] Traumatic pneumothorax may also be observed in those exposed to blasts, even when there is no apparent injury to the chest. [9] Traumatic pneumothoraces may be classified as "open" or "closed".
“Once prostate cancer causes symptoms, it is usually advanced and is often not curable at that point,” says Jonathan Shoag, M.D., a urologist and member of the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center ...
Type 3, which are caused by punctures from fractured ribs, occur in the area near the chest wall underlying the broken rib. [18] Also called rib penetration lacerations, type 3 lacerations tend to be small [1] and accompanied by pneumothorax. [18] Commonly, more than one type 3 laceration will occur. [19]