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The angular momentum of m is proportional to the perpendicular component v ⊥ of the velocity, or equivalently, to the perpendicular distance r ⊥ from the origin. Angular momentum is a vector quantity (more precisely, a pseudovector) that represents the product of a body's rotational inertia and rotational velocity (in radians/sec) about a ...
The classical definition of angular momentum is =.The quantum-mechanical counterparts of these objects share the same relationship: = where r is the quantum position operator, p is the quantum momentum operator, × is cross product, and L is the orbital angular momentum operator.
For reference and background, two closely related forms of angular momentum are given. In classical mechanics, the orbital angular momentum of a particle with instantaneous three-dimensional position vector x = (x, y, z) and momentum vector p = (p x, p y, p z), is defined as the axial vector = which has three components, that are systematically given by cyclic permutations of Cartesian ...
The angular momentum of light is a vector quantity that expresses the amount of dynamical rotation present in the electromagnetic field of the light. While traveling approximately in a straight line, a beam of light can also be rotating (or " spinning " , or " twisting " ) around its own axis.
In celestial mechanics, the specific relative angular momentum (often denoted or ) of a body is the angular momentum of that body divided by its mass. [1] In the case of two orbiting bodies it is the vector product of their relative position and relative linear momentum, divided by the mass of the body in question.
They introduce a generalized momentum, also known as the canonical momentum or conjugate momentum, that extends the concepts of both linear momentum and angular momentum. To distinguish it from generalized momentum, the product of mass and velocity is also referred to as mechanical momentum, kinetic momentum or kinematic momentum.
Spin is an intrinsic form of angular momentum carried by elementary particles, and thus by composite particles such as hadrons, atomic nuclei, and atoms. [1] [2]: 183–184 Spin is quantized, and accurate models for the interaction with spin require relativistic quantum mechanics or quantum field theory.
Absolute angular momentum sums the angular momentum of a particle or fluid parcel in a relative coordinate system and the angular momentum of that relative coordinate system. Meteorologists typically express the three vector components of velocity v = ( u , v , w ) (eastward, northward, and upward).