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Future self – Research that examines the processes of thinking of oneself in the future; Futures techniques – Futures studies lessons learned methods; Goal orientation – Social-cognitive motivational disposition; Goal setting – Development of an action plan in order to achieve a goal
competencies and self-regulatory strategies: intelligence, self-regulatory strategies, self-formulated goals, and self-produced consequences; expectancies and beliefs, or people's predictions about the consequences of each of the different behavioral possibilities; goals and values, which provide behavior consistency;
Rational analysis is a theoretical framework, methodology, and research program in cognitive science that has been developed by John Anderson. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The goal of rational analysis as a research program is to explain the function and purpose of cognitive processes and to discover the structure of the mind.
The expectancy theory of motivation explains the behavioral process of why individuals choose one behavioral option over the other. This theory explains that individuals can be motivated towards goals if they believe that there is a positive correlation between efforts and performance, the outcome of a favorable performance will result in a desirable reward, a reward from a performance will ...
The planning fallacy is a phenomenon in which predictions about how much time will be needed to complete a future task display an optimism bias and underestimate the time needed. This phenomenon sometimes occurs regardless of the individual's knowledge that past tasks of a similar nature have taken longer to complete than generally planned.
For example, predictive models are often used to detect crimes and identify suspects, after the crime has taken place. [ 2 ] In many cases, the model is chosen on the basis of detection theory to try to guess the probability of an outcome given a set amount of input data, for example given an email determining how likely that it is spam .
Statistical inference makes propositions about a population, using data drawn from the population with some form of sampling.Given a hypothesis about a population, for which we wish to draw inferences, statistical inference consists of (first) selecting a statistical model of the process that generates the data and (second) deducing propositions from the model.
The principle objection to the idea of behavioral confirmation is that the laboratory situations that are used in the research often do not map onto real-world social interaction easily. [11] In addition, it is argued that behavioral disconfirmation is just as likely to develop out of expectancies as are self-fulfilling expectations.