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The Gerlach and Ely model emphasizes the cycle nature of instructional design. [1]The authors wanted to design a model which explained each component of the teaching and learning process while at the same time examining the relationship between the media and instruction.
Nunan concludes that target tasks may be non-linguistic. He defines pedagogical task as a classroom activity that involves a student to understand and produce the target language while focusing on conveying the meaning and not being too concerned with form. [6] On the other hand, Long (1985) defines a task as things people do in everyday life. [7]
A teaching method is a set of principles and methods used by teachers to enable student learning.These strategies are determined partly by the subject matter to be taught, partly by the relative expertise of the learners, and partly by constraints caused by the learning environment. [1]
Communicative language teaching (CLT), or the communicative approach (CA), is an approach to language teaching that emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate goal of study.
The direct method in teaching a language is directly establishing an immediate and audiovisual association between experience and expression; words and phrases; idioms and meanings; and rules and performances through the teachers' body and mental skills, avoiding involvement of the learners' mother tongue.
Language learning strategies is a term referring to the actions that are consciously deployed by language learners to help them learn or use a language more effectively. [1] [2] They have also been defined as "thoughts and actions, consciously chosen and operationalized by language learners, to assist them in carrying out a multiplicity of tasks from the very outset of learning to the most ...
The Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI ; lit. ' Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language ' ) is the official dictionary of the Indonesian language compiled by Language Development and Fostering Agency and published by Balai Pustaka .
The architecture of the bilingual method is best understood as a traditional three-phase structure of presentation – practice – production.A lesson cycle starts out with the reproduction of a dialogue, moves on to the oral variation and recombination of the dialogue sentences, and ends up with an extended application stage reserved for message-oriented communication. [1]