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Carcinogenesis, also called oncogenesis or tumorigenesis, is the formation of a cancer, whereby normal cells are transformed into cancer cells. The process is characterized by changes at the cellular, genetic , and epigenetic levels and abnormal cell division .
[18] [19] The molecular nature of the mutation leading to oncogenesis was subsequently isolated and characterized by the Spanish biochemist Mariano Barbacid and published in Nature in 1982. [20] Dr. Barbacid spent the following months extending his research, eventually discovering that the oncogene was a mutated allele of HRAS and ...
Oncogenesis is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal covering the molecular biology of cancer. It was established in 2012 by Douglas R. Green as a sister journal to Oncogene , of which Green was then editor-in-chief . [ 1 ]
Oncogenomics is a sub-field of genomics that characterizes cancer-associated genes.It focuses on genomic, epigenomic and transcript alterations in cancer. Cancer is a genetic disease caused by accumulation of DNA mutations and epigenetic alterations leading to unrestrained cell proliferation and neoplasm formation.
Gene expression profiling is a technique used in molecular biology to query the expression of thousands of genes simultaneously. While almost all cells in an organism contain the entire genome of the organism, only a small subset of those genes is expressed as messenger RNA (mRNA) at any given time, and their relative expression can be evaluated.
This phenomenon has been one of the major controversies of oncogenesis in the 20th century because an estimated 100 million people were inadvertently exposed to SV40 through polio vaccines. [16] The human papillomavirus-16 (HPV-16) has been shown to lead to cervical cancer and other cancers, including head and neck cancer. [17]
An open access online-only sister journal, Oncogenesis, was established in 2012 by Douglas R. Green, who was then Oncogene ' s editor-in-chief. [2]
Viral Oncogenesis through transformation can occur via 2 mechanisms: [1] The tumor virus can introduce and express a "transforming" gene either through the integration of DNA or RNA into the host genome. The tumor virus can alter expression on preexisting genes of the host. One or both of these mechanisms can occur in the same host cell.