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Ptolemy's world map of the 2nd century already had a reasonably precise description of southern and western Europe, but was unaware of particulars of northern and eastern Europe. Medieval maps such as the Hereford Mappa Mundi still assumed that Scandinavia was an island. Progress was made in the 16th century, and Gerard Mercator gave an ...
Despite the abundance of pre-heraldic symbols in Byzantine society from the 10th century, only through contact with the Crusaders in the 12th century (when heraldry was becoming systematized in Western Europe [4]), and particularly following the Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) and the establishment of Frankish principalities on Byzantine soil from ...
Political boundaries in Eastern Hemisphere in early half of 11th century Political boundaries in Eastern Hemisphere at the end of the 11th century. The 11th century is the period from 1001 (represented by the Roman numerals MI) through 1100 (MC) in accordance with the Julian calendar, and the 1st century of the 2nd millennium.
Category:Early Middle Ages — 500–1000 AD; 5th to 10th Centuries; Category:High Middle Ages — 1000–1300 AD; 11th, 12th, 13th Centuries; Category:Late Middle Ages — 1301–1600 AD; 14th, 15th, 16th Centuries; Category:Historic maps of Europe; Category:Maps of Europe
A circle of 12 upward-oriented 5-pointed golden stars centred on a blue field: represents the continent beyond the organisations as the Flag of Europe: 1986 [note 1] – Flag of the European Union [note 2] 1973–1983 Flag of the European Parliament: 1984– Flag of the Nordic Council: White stylised swan in a white circle upon a blue ...
Depending on the continent, the era generally falls between the years AD 200–600 and AD 1200–1500. The name of this era of history derives from classical antiquity (or the Greco-Roman era) of Europe. Though, the everyday context in use is reverse (such as historians reference to Medieval China).
Art historian Kenneth Clark wrote that Western Europe's first "great age of civilisation" was ready to begin around the year 1000. From 1100, he wrote: "every branch of life – action, philosophy, organisation, technology [experienced an] extraordinary outpouring of energy, an intensification of existence".
Western Europe is the western region of Europe.The region's extent varies depending on context. The concept of "the West" appeared in Europe in juxtaposition to "the East" and originally applied to the Western half of the ancient Mediterranean world, the Latin West of the Roman Empire, and "Western Christendom".