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The dicotyledons, also known as dicots (or, more rarely, dicotyls), [2] are one of the two groups into which all the flowering plants (angiosperms) were formerly divided. The name refers to one of the typical characteristics of the group: namely, that the seed has two embryonic leaves or cotyledons. There are around 200,000 species within this ...
Magnoliopsida is a valid botanical name for a class of flowering plants. [1] By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae , but its circumscription can otherwise vary, being more inclusive or less inclusive depending upon the classification system being discussed.
For the background to this list see parent article List of the vascular plants of Britain and Ireland. Status key: * indicates an introduced species and e indicates an extinct species. This division of the eudicots is shown in the following cladogram: [ 1 ]
B. Cotyledon: the cotyledon stores food; there are two cotyledons in dicot seeds. C. Hilum: the hilum is the point of attachment to its seed vessel. D. Plumule: the plumule is the shoot of the seed where the leaves will first appear. E. Radicle: the radicle is the root of the seed. In the monocot seed there are also five major parts. A.
Reproducing through seeds is the most widespread method of reproduction in both monocots and dicots. However, internal seed structure is vastly different between these groups. The cotyledon is the embryonic leaf within a seed; monocots have one whereas dicots have two. The evolution of having one or two cotyledons may have arisen 200-150 Mya ...
In contrast, most of the other seed plants (that is the gymnosperms, the monocots and the paleodicots) produce monosulcate pollen, with a single pore set in a differently oriented groove called the sulcus. The name "tricolpates" is preferred by some botanists to avoid confusion with the dicots, a nonmonophyletic group. [7]
Maize (Zea mays, Poaceae) is the most widely cultivated C 4 plant.[1]In botany, C 4 carbon fixation is one of three known methods of photosynthesis used by plants. C 4 plants increase their photosynthetic efficiency by reducing or suppressing photorespiration, which mainly occurs under low atmospheric CO 2 concentration, high light, high temperature, drought, and salinity.
Recalcitrant seeds are seeds that do not survive drying and freezing during ex situ conservation. [1] By and large, these seeds cannot resist the effects of drying or temperatures less than 10 °C (50 °F); thus, they cannot be stored for long periods like orthodox seeds because they can lose their viability.