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In mathematics and science, a nonlinear system (or a non-linear system) is a system in which the change of the output is not proportional to the change of the input. [1] [2] Nonlinear problems are of interest to engineers, biologists, [3] [4] [5] physicists, [6] [7] mathematicians, and many other scientists since most systems are inherently nonlinear in nature. [8]
Nonlinearity is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by IOP Publishing and the London Mathematical Society. The journal publishes papers on nonlinear mathematics, mathematical physics , experimental physics , theoretical physics and other areas in the sciences where nonlinear phenomena are of fundamental importance.
Figure 1. Example of a biological network between genes and proteins that controls entry into S phase. However, with knowledge of network interactions and a set of parameters for the proteins and protein interactions (usually obtained through empirical research), it is often possible to construct a model of the network as a dynamical system.
System identification is a method of identifying or measuring the mathematical model of a system from measurements of the system inputs and outputs. The applications of system identification include any system where the inputs and outputs can be measured and include industrial processes, control systems, economic data, biology and the life sciences, medicine, social systems and many more.
An example of a positive non-linear effect is observed in the case of Sharpless epoxidation with the substrate geraniol.In all cases of chemical reactivity exhibiting (+)-NLE, there is an innate tradeoff between overall reaction rate and enantioselectivity. The overall rate is slower and the enantioselectivity is higher relative to a linear ...
Biology is a quarterly, peer-reviewed, open access, scientific journal covering research on all aspects of biology. It was established in 2012 and is published by MDPI. The editor-in-chief is Chris O'Callaghan (University of Oxford). The journal publishes reviews, research papers, and communications.
It was established in 2003 as Nonlinearity in Biology, Toxicology and Medicine, obtaining its current name in 2005. It is published by SAGE Publications on behalf of the International Dose-Response Society, of which it is the official journal. [2] Since its founding, the journal's editor-in-chief has been Edward Calabrese (University of ...
Relative nonlinearity requires that species differ in the curvature of their fitness response to some competitive factor, F, like resource density.The nonlinearity of a response to competition is the second derivative of the per-capita growth rate with respect to the competitive factor ′ ′ (), which is zero if the growth response is linear, positive if the response is accelerating (), and ...