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Afro-Mexicans (Spanish: Afromexicanos), also known as Black Mexicans (Spanish: Mexicanos negros), [2] are Mexicans of total or predominantly Sub-Saharan African ancestry. [3] [2] As a single population, Afro-Mexicans include individuals descended from both free and enslaved Africans who arrived to Mexico during the colonial era, [3] as well as post-independence migrants.
At the time of the outbreak of the insurgency for independence, there was a large Afro-Mexican population of mainly free blacks and mulattos, as well as mixed-race castas who had some component of Afro-Mexican heritage. Black slavery still existed as an institution, although the numbers of enslaved had declined from the high point in the 1600s ...
Black and Brown explores the lives and experiences of African Americans living in the southern United States borderlands with Mexico during the Mexican Revolution from 1910 to 1920, how the revolution affected them, and how they impacted the revolution.
Blaxican scholar Walter Thompson-Hernandez states that "Blacks and Mexicans are two of the most aggrieved groups in our nation's history" and notes that anti-black racism among Mexican Americans is a major cause of tension and division between both communities.
The Oxnard strike of 1903 is one of the first recorded instances of an organized strike by Mexican Americans in United States history. [152] The Mexican and Japanese American strikers raised the ire of the surrounding white American community. While picketing, one laborer, Luis Vasquez, was shot and killed, and four others were wounded. [153]
1903: On February 11, 1903 500 Japanese and 200 Mexican laborers joined together and formed the first labor union called, the Japanese-Mexican Labor Association.The JMLA opposed the Western Agricultural Contracting Company with three major concerns, the artificial suppression of wages, the subcontracting system that forced workers to pay double commissions, and the inflated prices of the ...
There has been a history of Anti-Chinese (antichinismo) sentiment and policy in Mexico. Jason Chang authored the 2017 book titled Chino: Anti-Chinese Racism in Mexico, 1880-1940, which discusses antichinismo in detail. [31] [32] [33] After a lead up of racist attacks, again under Porfirio, in 1911 there was a massacre of 303 Chinese in Torreón.
North to Aztlan: A History of Mexican Americans in the United States (2006) Gomez, Laura E. Manifest Destinies: The Making of the Mexican American Race (2008) Gomez-Quiñones, Juan. Mexican American Labor, 1790-1990. (1994). Gonzales, Manuel G. Mexicanos: A History of Mexicans in the United States (2nd ed 2009) excerpt and text search