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In steam distillation, that positive flow is provided by steam from boiling water, rather than by the boiling of the substances of interest. The steam carries with it the vapors of the latter. The substance of interest does not need to be miscible water or soluble in it.
The most common way to remove aromatic compounds (essential oil) from a plant is steam distillation. The steam moves through the plant material during the steam distillation process. The mixture of hot steam and gentle pressure allows microscopic protective sacs to release the essential oil.
The most common use of steam distillation is the extraction of natural products from plant materials. This is the main industrial method for obtaining plant essential oils, used in fragrances and personal hygiene products.
To avoid damage to the sample (to be distilled) by continuous intact with water, a new modification in steam distillation was made and it is called water and steam distillation. It involve the transfer of heat from steam to the material to be distilled and release of end product.
Steam distillation is a simple distillation procedure in which the vaporization of a mixture is achieved either by continuously blowing steam through a mixture or by boiling water and sample together.
The steam distillation technique allows us to control the temperature and amount of steam passed through the plant material. The degree of degradation of the components will be reduced after maintaining the temperature at the boiling point of water.
Steam distillation is a separation process used to purify or isolate temperature-sensitive materials, such as natural aromatic compounds. Steam or water is added to the distillation apparatus, lowering the boiling points of the compounds. The goal is to heat and separate the components at temperatures below their decomposition point.