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Computerized batch processing is a method of running software programs called jobs in batches automatically. While users are required to submit the jobs, no other interaction by the user is required to process the batch. Batches may automatically be run at scheduled times as well as being run contingent on the availability of computer resources.
A job scheduler is a computer application for controlling unattended background program execution of jobs. [1] This is commonly called batch scheduling, as execution of non-interactive jobs is often called batch processing, though traditional job and batch are distinguished and contrasted; see that page for details.
Execution of process creation system call by a running process. A user request to create a new process. Initiation of a batch job. When an operating system is booted, several essential processes are typically initiated to prepare the system for operation. Some of these are foreground processes, that interact with a (human) user and perform work ...
The operating system provides an interface between an application program and the computer hardware, so that an application program can interact with the hardware only by obeying rules and procedures programmed into the operating system. The operating system is also a set of services which simplify development and execution of application programs.
The scheduler is an operating system module that selects the next jobs to be admitted into the system and the next process to run. Operating systems may feature up to three distinct scheduler types: a long-term scheduler (also known as an admission scheduler or high-level scheduler), a mid-term or medium-term scheduler, and a short-term scheduler.
Steps in a job are executed sequentially, possibly depending on the results of previous steps, particularly in batch processing. The term "job stream" is particularly associated with mainframes; in the IBM z/OS operating system, a job is initiated by a // JOB and terminated by the next // JOB or // statement.
In system software, a job queue (a.k.a. batch queue, input queue), is a data structure maintained by job scheduler software containing jobs to run. [1] Users submit their programs that they want executed, "jobs", to the queue for batch processing. The scheduler software maintains the queue as the pool of jobs available for it to run.
At the operating system level: Computer multitasking, including both cooperative multitasking and preemptive multitasking. Time-sharing, which replaced sequential batch processing of jobs with concurrent use of a system; Process; Thread; At the network level, networked systems are generally concurrent by their nature, as they consist of ...