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Human history or world history is the record of humankind from prehistory to the present. Modern humans evolved in Africa around 300,000 years ago and initially lived as hunter-gatherers . They migrated out of Africa during the Last Ice Age and had spread across Earth's continental land except Antarctica by the end of the Ice Age 12,000 years ago.
The human condition can be defined as the characteristics and key events of human life, including birth, learning, emotion, aspiration, reason, morality, conflict, and death. This is a very broad topic that has been and continues to be pondered and analyzed from many perspectives, including those of art , biology , literature , philosophy ...
That was the life expectancy at birth, which was skewed by high infant and adolescent mortality. The life expectancy among adults was much higher; [20] a 21-year-old man in medieval England, for example, could expect to live to the age of 64. [21] [20] However, in various places and eras, life expectancy was noticeably lower. For example, monks ...
Anthropocene is a term that has been used to refer to the period of time during which humanity has become a planetary force of change.It appears in scientific and social discourse, especially with respect to accelerating geophysical and biochemical changes that characterize the 20th and 21st centuries on Earth.
How progress improved the status of women in traditional society was a major theme of historians starting in the Enlightenment and continuing to today. [12] British theorists William Robertson (1721–1793) and Edmund Burke (1729–1797), along with many of their contemporaries, remained committed to Christian- and republican-based conceptions ...
Vattimo dated the beginning of philosophical postmodernism between the writing of On the Advantage and Disadvantage of History for Life and Human, All Too Human (1878): [9] Nietzsche had clearly seen that "overcoming" - a term widely discussed by Vattimo, which he contrasts with the term "transformation" borrowed from Heidegger - was itself a ...
Today, history has a broader scope as one of the disciplines interested in human history before the invention of writing. [8] [c] It is controversial whether history is a social science or forms part of the humanities. Like social scientists, historians formulate hypotheses, gather objective evidence, and present arguments based on this evidence.
Meliorism (Latin melior, better) is the idea that progress is a real concept and that humans can interfere with natural processes in order to improve the world. Meliorism, as a conception of the person and society, is at the foundation of contemporary liberal democracy and human rights and is a basic component of liberalism. [1]