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The military of ancient Rome was one of largest pre-modern professional standing armies that ever existed. At its height, protecting over 7,000 kilometers of border and consisting of over 400,000 legionaries and auxiliaries , the army was the most important institution in the Roman world.
Roman military equipment (cf. Roman military personal equipment), particularly armor, was of better quality and far more ubiquitous, especially in the late Republican and Early Imperial era, than that of most of their opponents. Soldiers equipped with shields, helmets and highly effective body armor had a major advantage over warriors protected ...
Coulston notes that the bucellarii provided the best cavalry in 5th and 6th century Roman armies, and were "recruited from Romans, Persians, Goths, and Huns, amongst others". [2] The recruitment of soldiers of barbarian origin is well-documented as evidenced in the description of the army inherited by Constantius ' widow Galla Placidia . [ 6 ]
Comitatenses is the Latin nominative plural of comitatensis, an adjective derived from comitatus ('company, party, suite'; in this military context it came to the novel meaning of 'the field army'), itself derived from comes ('companion', but hence specific historical meanings, military and civilian).
Roman soldiers of around 101 AD from a cast of Trajan's column, c. 113 AD (Victoria and Albert Museum, London) Through the final years of the 1st century AD, the legions remained the backbone of the Roman army, although the auxilia in fact outnumbered them by up to half as much again. [87]
Archaeologists found a 2,000-year-old Roman camp 7,000 feet up in the Swiss Alps, with sling bullets from the Roman 3rd Legion. Archaeologists Found an Ancient Roman Military Camp Hiding 7,000 ...
Military spending constituted, by one estimate, about 2.5% of the empire's GDP, [19] which seems a tolerable burden if compared to the US, today's global superpower, which spent 3.8% of its GDP on defense in 2006 (18% of the federal budget). [20]
Castra (pl.) is a Latin term used during the Roman Republic and Roman Empire for a military 'camp', and castrum (sg.) [1] for a 'fort'. [2] Either could refer to a building or plot of land, used as a fortified military base.
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