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Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing inflammation of the pancreas that alters the organ's normal structure and functions. [1] It can present as episodes of acute inflammation in a previously injured pancreas, or as chronic damage with persistent pain or malabsorption.
Pancreatitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the pancreas. [1] The pancreas is a large organ behind the stomach that produces digestive enzymes and a number of hormones. [1] There are two main types, acute pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis. [1] Signs and symptoms of pancreatitis include pain in the upper abdomen, nausea, and ...
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas.Causes include a gallstone impacted in the common bile duct or the pancreatic duct, heavy alcohol use, systemic disease, trauma, elevated calcium levels, hypertriglyceridemia (with triglycerides usually being very elevated, over 1000 mg/dL), certain medications, hereditary causes and, in children, mumps.
Grey Turner's sign refers to bruising of the flanks, the part of the body between the last rib and the top of the hip. The bruising appears as a blue discoloration, [ 1 ] and is a sign of retroperitoneal hemorrhage , or bleeding behind the peritoneum, which is a lining of the abdominal cavity.
The diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis is challenging to make. However, accurate and timely diagnosis may preempt the misdiagnosis of cancer and decrease the number of unnecessary pancreatic resections." [13] Autoimmune pancreatitis responds dramatically to corticosteroid treatment. [13]
One of the problems that can lead to failure of the Puestow procedure is that pain can persist due to failure to drain the pancreatic duct on the head of the pancreas. A Frey's procedure is an alternative surgical procedure to the Puestow that allows for better drainage of the head, but pancreatic tissue is removed.
When there is no pancreatic duct injury, typically hemostasis and surgical drainage are the main form of treatment. [1] [3] [4] Surgical repair is undertaken when there is evidence or suspicion of ductal injury. [4] The type of surgery depends on the degree of the injury and its proximity to the mesenteric blood vessels that serve the pancreas.
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is the inability to properly digest food due to a lack or reduction of digestive enzymes made by the pancreas.EPI can occur in humans and is prevalent in many conditions [1] such as cystic fibrosis, [2] Shwachman–Diamond syndrome, [3] different types of pancreatitis, [4] multiple types of diabetes mellitus (Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes), [5] advanced ...