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Global aphasia typically results from an occlusion to the trunk of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), [2] which affects a large portion of the perisylvian region of the left cortex. [7] Global aphasia is usually a result of a thrombotic stroke, which occurs when a blood clot forms in the brain's blood vessels.
In order to capitalize on neuroplasticity for treatment of all types of aphasia, timing, intensity, duration, and repetition of treatment should be taken into consideration. Research has found that aphasia treatment initiated during the earlier acute post-injury phase is more effective compared to treatment initiated in the chronic phase. [21]
Helm-Estabrooks is a researcher and speech-language pathologist (SLP) specializing in the design and application of widely used diagnostic. She developed, in collaboration with behavioral neurologist Martin Albert and Robert Sparks, a structured rehabilitation program for a type of nonfluent aphasia utilizing intoned phrases to facilitate speech and language production.
Aphasia, also known as dysphasia, [a] is an impairment in a person’s ability to comprehend or formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions. [2] The major causes are stroke and head trauma; prevalence is hard to determine, but aphasia due to stroke is estimated to be 0.1–0.4% in developed countries. [3]
Survivors with global aphasia may have great difficulty understanding and forming words and sentences, and generally experience a great deal of difficulty when trying to communicate. [2] With considerable speech therapy rehabilitation, global aphasia may progress into expressive aphasia or receptive aphasia.
Some confusion exists in the terminology used by different neurologists. Mesulam's original description in 1982 of progressive language problems caused by neurodegenerative disease (which he called primary progressive aphasia (PPA) [4] [5] included patients with progressive nonfluent (aphasia, semantic dementia, and logopenic progressive aphasia.
[10] [11] [12] In the classical Mesulam criteria for primary progressive aphasia, there are two variants: a non-fluent type PNFA and a fluent type SD. [13] [14] A third variant of primary progressive aphasia, LPA was then added, [15] and is an atypical form of Alzheimer's disease. For PNFA, the core criteria for diagnosis include agrammatism ...
Conduction aphasia is a mild language disability, and most people return to their normal lives. [10] [13] Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia are commonly caused by middle cerebral artery strokes. [14] Symptoms of conduction aphasia, as with other aphasias, can be transient, sometimes lasting only several hours or a few days.