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  2. Solid solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_solution

    A solid solution, a term popularly used for metals, is a homogeneous mixture of two different kinds of atoms in solid state and having a single crystal structure. [1] Many examples can be found in metallurgy, geology, and solid-state chemistry. The word "solution" is used to describe the intimate mixing of components at the atomic level and ...

  3. Phase diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_diagram

    These two types of mixtures result in very different graphs. Another type of binary phase diagram is a boiling-point diagram for a mixture of two components, i. e. chemical compounds. For two particular volatile components at a certain pressure such as atmospheric pressure, a boiling-point diagram shows what vapor (gas) compositions are in ...

  4. Mixture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixture

    In chemistry, a mixture is a material made up of two or more different chemical substances which can be separated by physical method. It's an impure substance made up of 2 or more elements or compounds mechanically mixed together in any proportion. [1] A mixture is the physical combination of two or more substances in which the identities are ...

  5. Eutectic system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutectic_system

    Eutectic system. A phase diagram for a fictitious binary chemical mixture (with the two components denoted by A and B) used to depict the eutectic composition, temperature, and point. (L denotes the liquid state.) A eutectic system or eutectic mixture (/ juːˈtɛktɪk / yoo-TEK-tik) [1] is a type of a homogeneous mixture that has a melting ...

  6. Chemical substance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_substance

    A chemical substance is a unique form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. [1][2] Chemical substances may take the form of a single element or chemical compounds. If two or more chemical substances can be combined without reacting, they may form a chemical mixture. [3]

  7. Structural formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_formula

    Skeletal structural formula of Vitamin B 12.Many organic molecules are too complicated to be specified by a molecular formula.. The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphic representation of the molecular structure (determined by structural chemistry methods), showing how the atoms are possibly arranged in the real three-dimensional space.

  8. Hydrate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrate

    In organic chemistry, a hydrate is a compound formed by the hydration, i.e. "Addition of water or of the elements of water (i.e. H and OH) to a molecular entity". [5] For example: ethanol, CH3−CH2−OH, is the product of the hydration reaction of ethene, CH2=CH2, formed by the addition of H to one C and OH to the other C, and so can be ...

  9. History of the periodic table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_periodic_table

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 11 November 2024. Development of the table of chemical elements The American chemist Glenn T. Seaborg —after whom the element seaborgium is named—standing in front of a periodic table, May 19, 1950 Part of a series on the Periodic table Periodic table forms 18-column 32-column Alternative and ...