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Variations in traffic light operation. Swedish traffic light (left) for use by public transport vehicles only. All signals use white lighting and special symbols ("S", "–" and an arrow) to distinguish them from regular signals. The small light at the top tells the driver when the vehicle's transponder signal is received by the traffic light.
The regular traffic light colours are red to stop traffic, amber for traffic change, and green for allowing the traffic, arranged vertically or horizontally in that order. Although this is internationally standardised, [4] variations in traffic light sequences and laws exist on national and local scales.
Traffic signal preemption (also called traffic signal prioritisation) is a system that allows an operator to override the normal operation of traffic lights.The most common use of these systems manipulates traffic signals in the path of an emergency vehicle, halting conflicting traffic and allowing the emergency vehicle right-of-way, thereby reducing response times and enhancing traffic safety.
Traffic light control and coordination. A junction for road vehicles and pedestrians controlled by traffic lights in the UK. The various vehicle and pedestrian movements are separated in either time or space for safety and efficiency. The normal function of traffic lights requires more than sight control and coordination to ensure that traffic ...
Quarter-wave whip antenna on an FM radio for 88–108 MHz. Rubber ducky antenna on 446 MHz UHF walkie-talkie with rubber cover removed. VHF ground plane antenna. Mast radiator antenna of medium wave AM radio station, Germany. 'T' antenna of amateur radio station, 80 ft high, used at 1.5 MHz.
Beamforming or spatial filtering is a signal processing technique used in sensor arrays for directional signal transmission or reception. [1] This is achieved by combining elements in an antenna array in such a way that signals at particular angles experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference.
The J-pole antenna is an end-fed omnidirectional half-wave antenna that is matched to the feedline by a shorted quarter-wave parallel transmission line stub. [5] [1] [6] For a transmitting antenna to operate efficiently, absorbing all the power provided by its feedline, the antenna must be impedance matched to the line; it must have a resistance equal to the feedline's characteristic impedance.
Antenna amplifier for broadcasting service (here: TV broadcasting and FM sound broadcasting). In electronics, an antenna amplifier (also: aerial amplifier or booster) is a device that amplifies an antenna signal, usually into an output with the same impedance as the input impedance. Typically 75 ohm for coaxial cable and 300 ohm for twin-lead ...