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Salamanders range in size from the minute salamanders, with a total length of 27 mm (1 + 1 ⁄ 8 in), including the tail, to the Chinese giant salamander which reaches 1.8 m (6 ft) and weighs up to 65 kg (145 lb).
Plethodontidae, or lungless salamanders, are a family of salamanders. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] With over 500 species, lungless salamanders are by far the largest family of salamanders in terms of their diversity. Most species are native to the Western Hemisphere , from British Columbia to Brazil.
Plethodon is a genus of salamanders in the family Plethodontidae. They are commonly known as woodland salamanders. [2] All members of the genus are endemic to North America (Canada and the United States). [2] They have no aquatic larval stage. In some species, such as the red-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus). [3] Young hatch in the adult ...
Climbing salamanders is the common name for plethodontid (lungless) salamanders of the genus Aneides. [1] It contains 10 species native to North America , distributed between the Pacific Coast (7 species), Sacramento Mountains (1 species), and Appalachian Mountains (2 species).
Red salamanders eat insects, earthworms, spiders, small crustaceans, snails, and smaller salamanders. To eat, they extend their tongue to capture prey on the tip of it and retract it back into their mouths. [3] The red salamander, as a member of the family Plethodontidae (lungless salamanders) lacks lungs and respires through its skin. [4]
The northern slimy salamander is called "slimy" because it produces sticky slime from glands on its lower back and tail in order to defend itself from predators. [2] It is also sometimes referred to as the viscid salamander, grey-spotted salamander, slippery salamander, or sticky salamander, depending on which source is consulted.
The alpine salamander (Salamandra atra) is a black salamander that can be found in the French Alps, and through the mountainous range in Europe. [2] It is a member of the genus Salamandra . Their species name, atra , may be derived from the Latin ater , meaning dull black. [ 3 ]
The hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis), also known as the hellbender salamander, is a species of aquatic giant salamander endemic to the eastern and central United States. It is the largest salamander in North America. A member of the family Cryptobranchidae, the hellbender is the only extant member of the genus Cryptobranchus.