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A farmer field school (FFS) is a group-based learning process which has been used by a number of governments, non-governmental organizations, and international agencies to promote integrated pest management (IPM). The first FFSs were designed and managed by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization in Indonesia in 1989. Since then, more than two ...
An IPM boll weevil trap in a cotton field (Manning, South Carolina). Integrated pest management (IPM), also known as integrated pest control (IPC) that integrates both chemical and non-chemical practices for economic control of pests.
IPM, thus, is an indispensable element of Integrated Crop Management, which in turn is an essential part of the holistic integrated farming approach towards sustainable agriculture. In France, the Forum des Agriculteurs Responsables Respectueux de l'Environnement (FARRE) [ 7 ] defines a set of common principles and practices to help farmers ...
Pest control measures may be performed as part of an integrated pest management strategy. In agriculture, pests are kept at bay by mechanical, cultural, chemical and biological means. [2] Ploughing and cultivation of the soil before sowing mitigate the pest burden, and crop rotation helps to reduce the build-up of a certain pest species.
Push-pull technology has also been more widely seen as culturally acceptable and congruent because of the way it provides traditional roles for men and women in the agriculture work. [15] Because push-pull technology can fit within existing family frameworks, the practice does not demand an overhaul of existing dynamics. [ 15 ]
Forest IPM is utilized for the whole life of the tree, from site prep to harvest. An IPM treatment is utilized before the cost of the treatment is equal to the reduction in crop value due to past injury, which is called the economic injury level. [1] Forest integrated pest management has a strong emphasis on intensive forest management. [2]
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) initiated research in classical biological control following the establishment of the Division of Entomology in 1881, with C. V. Riley as Chief. The first importation of a parasitoidal wasp into the United States was that of the braconid Cotesia glomerata in 1883–1884, imported from Europe to ...
The IOBC serves as a resource for international organizations, for example: the European Commission on sustainable use of pesticides [1] and the status of IPM in Europe, [2] the EC Regulation of Biological Control Agents with regard to invertebrate biological control agents, [3] the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research on IPM, [4] the European and Mediterranean Plant ...