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The Hokkien language uses a broad array of honorific suffixes or prefixes for addressing or referring to people. Most are suffixes. Honorifics are often non-gender-neutral; some imply a feminine context (such as sió-chiá) while others imply a masculine one (such as sian-siⁿ), and still others imply both.
阮 (gún only, not goán) is typically used in Taiwanese Hokkien lyrics. goán: 阮 informal neutral singular ka-kī: 家己 formal / informal neutral singular ka-kī-lâng: 家己儂 informal neutral plural 儂 (-lâng) is suffixed for plural. Here, it is not only used in Southeast Asian Hokkien dialects, but also in Chinese Hokkien and ...
Hokkien has aspirated, unaspirated as well as voiced consonant initials.. A total of 15 initials (or 14, in dialects with /dz/ merged with /l/) are used in Hokkien. This number does not include the three nasal consonants ([m], [n], [ŋ]), which are usually considered allophones of the non-nasal voiced initials (e.g. 命; miā; 'life' is analyzed as /bĩã ⊇ /, but pronounced as [mĩã²²]).
The term Hokkien was first used by Walter Henry Medhurst in his 1832 Dictionary of the Hok-këèn Dialect of the Chinese Language, According to the Reading and Colloquial Idioms, considered to be the earliest English-based Hokkien dictionary and the first major reference work in POJ, though its romanization system differs significantly from ...
Penang Hokkien is largely a spoken language, however it can be written in Chinese characters (唐人字; Tn̂g-lâng-jī), or romanised in the Latin script (紅毛字; Âng-môo-jī). Penang Hokkien has a growing body of written, particularly romanised material, thanks largely in part to its increasing online presence on social media.
In it, the two converse in English and Hokkien respectively, with Meta's AI system audibly translating. The demonstration appears fairly impressive, t Meta has developed an AI translator for a ...
Singlish is the English-based creole or patois spoken colloquially in Singapore. English is one of Singapore's official languages, along with Malay (which is also the National Language), Mandarin, and Tamil. [1] Although English is the lexifier language, Singlish has its unique slang and syntax, which are more pronounced in informal speech. It ...
Hokkien distinguishes between formal and informal terms for kinship. Subjects are distinguished between, for example, a speaker's nephew and the nephew of the speaker's spouse, although this is affected by age, where a younger relative will often be referred to by their name, rather than a kinship term. [1]