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A chest injury, also known as chest trauma, is any form of physical injury to the chest including the ribs, heart and lungs. Chest injuries account for 25% of all deaths from traumatic injury. [ 1 ] Typically chest injuries are caused by blunt mechanisms such as direct, indirect, compression, contusion, deceleration, or blasts [ 2 ] caused by ...
Pulmonary laceration is commonly caused by penetrating trauma but may also result from forces involved in blunt trauma such as shear stress. A cavity filled with blood, air, or both can form. [2] The injury is diagnosed when collections of air or fluid are found on a CT scan of the chest. Surgery may be required to stitch the laceration, to ...
The severity ranges from mild to severe: small contusions may have little or no impact on health, yet pulmonary contusion is the most common type of potentially lethal chest trauma. It occurs in 30–75% of severe chest injuries. The risk of death following a pulmonary contusion is between 14 and 40%.
The sudden impact on the thorax causes an increase in intrathoracic pressure. [4] In order for traumatic asphyxia to occur, a Valsalva maneuver is required when the traumatic force is applied. [6]
Generally, diseases outlined within the ICD-10 codes S00-S09 within Chapter XIX: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes should be included in this category. Chest trauma is an injury to the chest .
An estimated 0.5% of polytrauma patients treated in trauma centers have TBI. [10] The incidence is estimated at 2% in blunt chest and neck trauma and 1–2% in penetrating chest trauma. [10] Laryngotracheal injuries occur in 8% of patients with penetrating injury to the neck, and TBI occurs in 2.8% of blunt chest trauma deaths. [6]
Flail chest is a life-threatening medical condition that occurs when a segment of the rib cage breaks due to trauma and becomes detached from the rest of the chest wall. Two of the symptoms of flail chest are chest pain and shortness of breath .
Injury to the diaphragm is reported to be present in 8% of cases of blunt chest trauma. [7] In cases of blunt trauma, vehicle accidents and falls are the most common causes. [ 6 ] Penetrating trauma has been reported to cause 12.3–20% of cases, but it has also been proposed as a more common cause than blunt trauma; discrepancies could be due ...