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Oral lichen planus [1] Cicatricial pemphigoid [1] or less commonly bullous pemphigoid [1] Pemphigus vulgaris [1] Linear immunoglobulin A disease [1] Dermatitis herpetiformis [1] Lupus erythematosus [1] Chronic ulcerative stomatitis [1] Chronic bacterial, fungal, and viral infections [1] Reactions to medications, mouthwashes, and chewing gum [1 ...
Pemphigus is a group of autoimmune blistering diseases that may be classified into these types: [14] Pemphigus vulgaris; Pemphigus vegetans; Pemphigus vegetans of Hallopeau; Pemphigus vegetans of Neumann; Pemphigus foliaceus, of which there several forms: Pemphigus erythematosus or Senear–Usher Syndrome
Pemphigus vulgaris is a rare chronic blistering skin disease and the most common form of pemphigus.Pemphigus was derived from the Greek word pemphix, meaning blister. [1] It is classified as a type II hypersensitivity reaction in which antibodies are formed against desmosomes, components of the skin that function to keep certain layers of skin bound to each other.
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If no lesions are present on examination it may be useful way of demonstrating reduced epithelial adhesion. In contrast, in Pemphigus, the epithelium tends to disintegrate rather than form a bulla. Nikolsky's sign is present in pemphigus and mucous membrane pemphigoid, but not in bullous pemphigoid.
Oral mucosa is the most common site being affected in mucous membrane pemphigoid. For the mild oral mucosa lesion, high potency topical steroids such as 0.05% Clobetasol propionate is used. Patients are instructed to apply the ointment or gel 2-3 times a day after drying the oral mucosa to enhance the adherence of mediation to oral mucosa.
It is also associated with pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus. [6] [7] It is useful in differentiating between the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris or mucous membrane pemphigoid (where the sign is present) and bullous pemphigoid (where it is absent). The Nikolsky sign is dislodgement of intact superficial epidermis by a shearing force ...
Mucosal pemphigus vulgaris: IgG: Desmoglein 3: 130 Mucocutaneous pemphigus vulgaris: IgG: Desmoglein 3 Desmoglein 1: 130 160 Pemphigus foliaceus: IgG: Desmoglein 1: 160 Paraneoplastic pemphigus: IgG: Desmoglein 3 Desmoglein 1 BPAG1 [nb 1] Plectin Desmoplakin I [nb 2] Desmoplakin II Envoplakin Periplakin Alpha-2-macroglobulin-like-1: 130 160 230 ...