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In atmospheric chemistry, the most common scavenger is the hydroxyl radical, a short-lived radical produced photolytically in the atmosphere. It is the most important oxidant for carbon monoxide, methane and other hydrocarbons, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and most of other contaminants, removing them from the atmosphere.
For example, Tokunagayusurika akamusi is a species of midge fly whose larvae live as obligate scavengers at the bottom of lakes and whose adults almost never feed and only live up to a few weeks. Most scavenging animals are facultative scavengers that gain most of their food through other methods, especially predation .
The free radical theory of aging states that organisms age because cells accumulate free radical damage over time. [1] A free radical is any atom or molecule that has a single unpaired electron in an outer shell. [2] While a few free radicals such as melanin are not chemically reactive, most biologically relevant free radicals are highly ...
Free radical toxicity induced by xenobiotics and the subsequent detoxification by cellular enzymes (termination). Effects of ROS on cell metabolism are well documented in a variety of species. [ 19 ] These include not only roles in apoptosis (programmed cell death) but also positive effects such as the induction of host defence [ 36 ] [ 37 ...
In this role, vitamin E acts as a radical scavenger, delivering a hydrogen (H) atom to free radicals. At 323 kJ/mol, the O-H bond in tocopherols is about 10% weaker than in most other phenols. [23] This weak bond allows the vitamin to donate a hydrogen atom to the peroxyl radical and other free radicals, minimizing
Carrion is an important food source for large carnivores and omnivores in most ecosystems. Examples of carrion-eaters (or scavengers) include crows, vultures, humans, hawks, eagles, [1] hyenas, [2] Virginia opossum, [3] Tasmanian devils, [4] coyotes [5] and Komodo dragons.
Tocopherols are radical scavengers, delivering an H atom to quench free radicals. At 323 kJ/mol, the O–H bond in tocopherols is approximately 10% weaker than in most other phenols. [14] This weak bond allows the vitamin to donate a hydrogen atom to the peroxyl radical and other free radicals, minimizing their
Phosphites: Act by decomposing peroxides into non-radical products, thus preventing further generation of free radicals, and contributing to the overall oxidate stability of the polymer. Phosphites are often used in combination with phenolic antioxidants for syngeristic effects. Example: tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite