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Red alder is the Pacific Northwest's largest alder and the most plentiful and commercially important broad-leaved tree in the coastal Northwest. Groves of red alder 25 to 50 centimetres (10 to 20 in) in diameter intermingle with young Douglas-fir forests west of the Cascades, attaining a maximum height of 30 to 33 m (100 to 110 ft) in about ...
Alder bark can also be used with iron sulphate to create a black dye which can substitute for the use of sumach or galls. [33] The Laplanders are said to chew the bark and use their saliva to dye leather. The shoots of the common alder produce a yellowish or cinnamon-coloured dye if cut early in the year.
The Betulaceae are believed to have originated at the end of the Cretaceous period (about 70 million years ago) in central China.This region at the time would have had a Mediterranean climate due to the proximity of the Tethys Sea, which covered parts of present-day Tibet and Xinjiang into the early Tertiary period.
Alnus rubra is the largest species of alder in North America and one of the largest in the world, reaching heights of 20 to 30 metres (66 to 98 ft). The official tallest red alder (as of 1979) stands 32 m (105 ft) tall in Clatsop County, Oregon (US). [7]
Alnus incana var. tenuifolia male flowers in early spring along the Columbia River. It is a small- to medium-sized tree 15–20 metres (49–66 ft) tall with smooth grey bark even in old age, its life span being a maximum of 60 to 100 years.
Foliage and inflorescence, subsp. crispa It is a large shrub or small tree3–12 metres (10– 39 + 1 ⁄ 2 ft) tall with smooth grey bark even in old age. The leaves are shiny green with light green undersurfaces, ovoid, 3–8 centimetres (1 + 1 ⁄ 4 – 3 + 1 ⁄ 4 in) long and 2–6 cm broad.
Alnus orientalis, the Oriental alder, is a deciduous, [2] short-lived [3] species of alder (Alnus). It grows up to 50 meters high, and is native to Cyprus and Cilicia . [ 4 ] Its catkins are brown, and bloom from January to March. [ 2 ]
Alnus serrulata is a large shrub or small tree that may grow up to 2.5–4 m (8.2–13.1 ft) high and 15 cm (5.9 in) in diameter. The scientific name originates from alnus which is an old name for alder; serrulata points to the finely-toothed leaf margins which it possesses.