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The fallacy of accent (also known as accentus, from its Latin denomination, and misleading accent [1]) is a verbal fallacy that reasons from two different vocal readings of the same written words. In English, the fallacy typically relies on prosodic stress , the emphasis given to a word within a phrase, or a phrase within a sentence.
Dysprosody, which may manifest as pseudo-foreign accent syndrome, refers to a disorder in which one or more of the prosodic functions are either compromised or eliminated. [ 1 ] Prosody refers to the variations in melody, intonation , pauses, stresses, intensity, vocal quality, and accents of speech. [ 2 ]
Some emotion-prosody mappings are nearly universal in nature, such as the expressions of pain, and others more language-specific, such the expressions of envy or remorse. Sociolinguistically, English prosody varies significantly across dialects, and prosody is important in constructing social identities, including gender identies and social roles.
Prosody helps convey many other pragmatic functions, including expressing attitudes (approval, uncertainty, dissatisfaction, and so on), flagging turn-taking intentions (to hold the floor, to yield the turn, to invite a backchannel like uh-huh, and so on), and marking topic structure (starting a new topic, closing a topic, interpolating a ...
Naturalistic fallacy fallacy is a type of argument from fallacy. Straw man fallacy – refuting an argument different from the one actually under discussion, while not recognizing or acknowledging the distinction. [110] Texas sharpshooter fallacy – improperly asserting a cause to explain a cluster of data. [111]
The use of proper prosody can increase intelligibility, make it easier for listeners to understand the speaker. This is true across languages. In English, word stress is less important than tone in Mandarin, but is still essential for full intelligibility. The use of proper prosody also affects listeners’ judgments of proficiency, and competence.
Accent (phonetics), prominence given to a particular syllable in a word, or a word in a phrase Pitch accent, prominence signaled primarily by pitch; Accent (poetry), placement of prominent syllables in scansion; Diacritic, a mark added above, on top of, or below a letter; Fallacy of accent, a logical fallacy related to reification
The book Notes on Prosody by author Vladimir Nabokov compares differences in iambic verse in the English and Russian languages, and highlights the effect of relative word length in the two languages on rhythm. Nabokov also proposes an approach for scanning patterns of accent which interact with syllabic stress in iambic verse.