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Hallux rigidus or stiff big toe is degenerative arthritis and stiffness due to bone spurs that affects the metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP) at the base of the hallux (big toe). Hallux flexus was initially described by Davies-Colley [ 1 ] in 1887 as a plantar flexed posture of phalanx relative to the metatarsal head.
A bunion, also known as hallux valgus, is a deformity of the MTP joint connecting the big toe to the foot. [2] The big toe often bends towards the other toes and the joint becomes red and painful. [2] The onset of bunions is typically gradual. [2] Complications may include bursitis or arthritis. [2] The exact cause is unclear. [1]
A hammer toe, hammertoe or contracted toe is a deformity of the muscles and ligaments of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the second, third, fourth, or fifth toe, bending it into a shape resembling a hammer. In the early stage, a flexible hammertoe is movable at the joints; a rigid hammertoe joint cannot be moved and usually requires surgery.
Common causes of knock-knee in adults include arthritis of the knee and traumatic injuries. Toe: hallux valgus (from Latin hallux = big toe) – outward deviation of the big toe toward the second toe, resulting in bunion. Wrist: Madelung's deformity – deformity wherein the wrist bones are not formed properly due to a genetic disorder.
A Cochrane review of sixteen trials with 1058 children investigated the use of foot orthoses in children and could not make a recommendation, concluding that customized foot orthoses and further study on this subject should be reserved for children with foot pain and arthritis, for unusual morphology, or unresponsive cases. [14]
Polyarticular arthritis is the first type of arthritis, which affects about 30–40% of children with arthritis and is more common in girls than boys. [1] [12] [13] [14] This subtype begins later in childhood and could be subdivided into two types: Rheumatoid Factor (RF) negative and RF positive depending on the presence of the RF antibody ...
Patients with a condition called hallux rigidus, or arthritis of the big toe, have pain and stiffness in the big toe. The word cheilectomy comes from the Greek word Cheilos, meaning "lip." A cheilectomy removes the bone spurs, or lip of bone, that forms as a result of arthritis of the joint.
Children with systemic JIA usually present with fever and a classic rash and may become quite ill. Late effects of arthritis can include joint contractures (stiff, bent joints with loss of movement) due to joint damage; limb length discrepancies and muscle wasting. Children with JIA vary in the degree to which they are affected by particular ...