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A confined space is a space with limited entry and egress and not suitable for human inhabitants. Alternative names for a confined space are enclosed space and dangerous space. [1] An example is the interior of a storage tank, occasionally entered by maintenance workers but not intended for human occupancy.
Confined space rescue is a subset of technical rescue operations that involves the rescue and recovery of victims trapped in a confined space or in a place only accessible through confined spaces, such as underground vaults, storage silos, storage tanks, or sewers. A warning label on a storage tank, indicating that it is a confined space.
Hazards like entrapment and drowning to asphyxiation and toxic chemical exposure results in the deaths and injuries that occur in these confined spaces. [16] Physical and atmospheric hazards due to confined spaces can be avoided by addressing and recognizing these hazards before entering in the confined spaces to perform work. [17]
A 1991 study showed that in confined spaces the relationship was significantly different: 1.2 minor injuries for each serious injury or death. [7] A broad study of UK accident data in the mid-1990s showed a relationship of 1 fatality to 207 major injuries, to 1,402 injuries causing three or more days lost time injuries, to 2,754 minor injuries. [8]
Examples include high altitudes and unventilated, confined spaces. The OSHA definition is arguably broad enough to include oxygen-deficient circumstances in the absence of "airborne contaminants", as well as many other chemical, thermal, or pneumatic hazards to life or health (e.g., pure helium, super-cooled or super-heated air, hyperbaric or ...
Claustrophobia is a fear of confined spaces. It is triggered by many situations or stimuli, including elevators, especially when crowded to capacity, windowless rooms, and hotel rooms with closed doors and sealed windows.
Fire alarms monitor the environmental changes associated with combustion. In most cases, once the alarm has been triggered by fire or smoke, a loud sound emanates to warn of danger or a message notifies the local fire department. Smoke alarms, also known as smoke detectors, generally sound an audible and visual alarm. Smoke alarms are usually ...
In confined spaces, common in urban warfare, even the operators themselves may be at risk due to deflection of backblast by walls or sturdier civilian vehicles behind them. Soft launch methods diminish backblast by ejecting the projectile some distance before its main rocket motor ignites. Backblast can also be reduced by adding a countermass ...