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The Temple tax (מחצית השקל, lit. ' half shekel ') was a tax paid by Israelites and Levites which went towards the upkeep of the Jewish Temple, as reported in the New Testament. [1] Traditionally, Kohanim (Jewish priests) were exempt from the tax.
The Apostle Peter paying the temple tax with a coin from the fish's mouth, by Augustin Tünger, 1486. Tilapia zilli ("St. Peter's fish"), served in a Tiberias restaurant.The coin in the fish's mouth is one of the miracles of Jesus, recounted in the Gospel of Matthew 17:24–27.
The exceptional purity helps explain why the Jerusalem Temple priests specifically required Tyrian shekels for Temple tax payments. The money-changers referenced in the New Testament Gospels ( Matt. 21:12 and parallels) provided Tyrian shekels in exchange for Roman currency when this was required.
Because Roman coinage was only 80% silver, the purer (94% or more) Tyrian shekels were required to pay the temple tax in Jerusalem. The money changers referenced in the New Testament Gospels (Matt. 21:12 and parallels) exchanged Tyrian shekels for common Roman currency. [14] [15]
Jesus assures Peter he will find a four-drachma coin in the fish's mouth. The coin was needed to pay the local temple tax, which every Israelite was required to pay to the temple in Jerusalem. The Gospel story does not itself recount the story of Peter following up on Jesus' instruction and catching the fish.
The central scene is that of the tax collector demanding the tribute. The head of Christ is the vanishing point of the painting, drawing the eyes of the spectator there. Both Christ and Peter then point to the left hand part of the painting, where the next scene takes place in the middle background: Peter taking the money out of the mouth of ...
The fiscus Iudaicus or fiscus Judaicus (Latin for 'Jewish tax') was a tax imposed on Jews in the Roman Empire after the destruction of Jerusalem and its Temple in AD 70. [2] The fiscus Iudaicus replaced the traditional half-shekel Temple tax which had been paid annually by Jews for the maintenance of the Temple in Jerusalem.
Matthew 17 is the seventeenth chapter in the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament section of the Christian Bible. Jesus continues his final journey to Jerusalem ministering through Galilee. William Robertson Nicoll identifies "three impressive tableaux" in this chapter: the transfiguration, the epileptic boy and the temple tribute. [1]