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The greatest elongation of a given inferior planet occurs when this planet's position, in its orbital path around the Sun, is at tangent to the observer on Earth. Since an inferior planet is well within the area of Earth's orbit around the Sun, observation of its elongation should not pose that much a challenge (compared to deep-sky objects, for example).
Dynamic modulus (sometimes complex modulus [1]) is the ratio of stress to strain under vibratory conditions (calculated from data obtained from either free or forced vibration tests, in shear, compression, or elongation).
DFT allows for the calculation of stress tensors which provide a direct measure of the internal pressure. Pressure-volume curve : Plot the applied pressure against the resulting volume change. The bulk modulus can be calculated from the slope of this curve in the linear elastic region.The bulk modulus is defined as K =− VdV / dP , where V is ...
Young's modulus of a material can be used to calculate the force it exerts under specific strain. F = E A Δ L L 0 {\displaystyle F={\frac {EA\,\Delta L}{L_{0}}}} where F {\displaystyle F} is the force exerted by the material when contracted or stretched by Δ L {\displaystyle \Delta L} .
For small values of these changes, ν is the amount of transversal elongation divided by the amount of axial compression. Most materials have Poisson's ratio values ranging between 0.0 and 0.5. For soft materials, [1] such as rubber, where the bulk modulus is much higher than the shear modulus, Poisson's ratio is near 0.5. For open-cell polymer ...
In continuum mechanics, stress is a physical quantity that describes forces present during deformation.For example, an object being pulled apart, such as a stretched elastic band, is subject to tensile stress and may undergo elongation.
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In physics, Hooke's law is an empirical law which states that the force (F) needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance (x) scales linearly with respect to that distance—that is, F s = kx, where k is a constant factor characteristic of the spring (i.e., its stiffness), and x is small compared to the total possible deformation of the spring.