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Anglo-Saxon runes or Anglo-Frisian runes are runes that were used by the Anglo-Saxons and Medieval Frisians (collectively called Anglo-Frisians) as an alphabet in their native writing system, recording both Old English and Old Frisian (Old English: rūna, ᚱᚢᚾᚪ, "rune").
A few sounds are instead written with the same rune, without considering the English spelling. For example, the sound / ɔː / is always written with the rune whether in English it is spelt o as in north , a as in fall , or oo as in door . The only two letters that are subject to this phonemic spelling are a and o . [21] Finally, some runes ...
During this late Younger Futhark period, the sound value [y] was synonymously carried by the rune Yr ᛦ, as its previous sound value, ⓘ, was given to the rune Reið ᚱ. In the following medieval runic alphabet, the sound value ⓘ was covered by its own rune, a reversed Óss ᚯ (unicode: Runic Letter Oe).
Each rune most probably had a name, chosen to represent the sound of the rune itself according to the principle of acrophony. The Old English names of all 24 runes of the Elder Futhark, along with five names of runes unique to the Anglo-Saxon runes , are preserved in the Old English rune poem , compiled in the 7th century.
Old English, or Anglo-Saxon, was an early form of English in medieval England. It is different from Early Modern English, the language of Shakespeare and the King James Bible, and from Middle English, the language of Geoffrey Chaucer. See Old English phonology for more detail on the sounds of Old English.
The rune may have been an original innovation, or it may have been adapted from the classical Latin alphabet's P, [4] or Q, [citation needed] or from the Rhaetic's alphabet's W. [5] As with þ, the letter wynn was revived in modern times for the printing of Old English texts, but since the early 20th century, the usual practice has been to ...
A rune is a letter in a set of related alphabets known as runic alphabets native to the Germanic peoples. Runes were used to write Germanic languages (with some exceptions) before they adopted the Latin alphabet, and for specialised purposes thereafter.
The first appearance of an ancestral stage of Old Norse in a written runic form dates back to c. AD 200–300 [1] (with the Øvre Stabu spearhead traditionally dated to the late 2nd century), at this time still showing an archaic language form (similar to reconstructed Proto-Germanic) termed Proto-Norse.