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The Pantheon (UK: / ˈ p æ n θ i ə n /, US: /-ɒ n /; [1] Latin: Pantheum, [nb 1] from Ancient Greek Πάνθειον (Pantheion) '[temple] of all the gods') is a former Roman temple and, since AD 609, a Catholic church (Italian: Basilica Santa Maria ad Martyres or Basilica of St. Mary and the Martyrs) in Rome, Italy.
The panels and lintels of the doors are made of cast bronze. Each leaf pivots on pins installed in the floor at the bottom and in the architrave at the top. [3] The doors, in form and detail, resemble the ancient bronze doors of Rome, such as those in the Temple of Romulus and the Curia Julia. [4]
Rounded arches, vaults, and domes distinguish Roman architecture from that of Ancient Greece and were facilitated by the use of concrete and brick. [1] By varying the weight of the aggregate material in the concrete, the weight of the concrete could be altered, allowing lighter layers to be laid at the top of concrete domes.
The Pantheon in Rome, built in the 2nd century, was the largest dome in the world for over a millennium, and is still the largest unreinforced solid concrete dome. The dome of Florence Cathedral was the largest in the world from its construction in 1436 to 1871, and is the largest brick and mortar dome.
The Pantheon in Rome is an example of Roman concrete construction. Caesarea harbour: an example of underwater Roman concrete technology on a large scale. Roman concrete, also called opus caementicium, was used in construction in ancient Rome. Like its modern equivalent, Roman concrete was based on a hydraulic-setting cement added to an aggregate.
The rotunda was designed in the neoclassical style and was intended to evoke the design of the Pantheon. [1] The sandstone rotunda walls rise 48 feet (15 m) above the floor; everything above this—the Capitol dome–was designed in 1854 by Thomas U. Walter, the fourth Architect of the Capitol. Walter had also designed the Capitol's north and ...
Orichalcum or aurichalcum / ˌ ɔːr ɪ ˈ k æ l k ə m / is a metal mentioned in several ancient writings, including the story of Atlantis in the Critias of Plato.Within the dialogue, Critias (460–403 BC) says that orichalcum had been considered second only to gold in value and had been found and mined in many parts of Atlantis in ancient times, but that by Critias's own time, orichalcum ...
The only change made was to the main pediment, which had been remade with a radiant cross; it was remade again by D'Angers with a patriotic work called The Nation Distributing Crowns Handed to Her by Liberty, to Great Men, Civil and Military, While History Inscribes Their Names.