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Pralidoxime (2-pyridine aldoxime methyl chloride) or 2-PAM, usually as the chloride or iodide salts, belongs to a family of compounds called oximes that bind to organophosphate-inactivated acetylcholinesterase. [1] It is used to treat organophosphate poisoning [2] in conjunction with atropine and either diazepam or midazolam. It is a white solid.
The syntheses are presently conduced commercially in the presence of oxide catalysts such as modified alumina (Al 2 O 3) or silica (SiO 2). The reactants are passed over the catalyst at 350-500 °C. 2-Methylpyridine- and 4-methylpyridine are produced as a mixture from acetaldehyde and ammonia.
Other major derivatives are 2-, 3-, 4-methylpyridines and 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine. The combined scale of these alkylpyridines matches that of pyridine itself. [ 2 ] Among the largest 25 production sites for pyridine, eleven are located in Europe (as of 1999). [ 24 ]
98-98-6 59-67-6 55-22-1 All isomers share the molecular weight 123,11 g/mol and the chemical formula C 6 H 5 NO 2. See also. Pyridinedicarboxylic acid
3-Methylpyridine degrades more slowly than the other two isomers, likely due to the impact of resonance in the heterocyclic ring. Like most simple pyridine derivatives, the picolines contain more nitrogen than is needed for growth of microorganisms, and excess nitrogen is generally excreted to the environment as ammonium during the degradation ...
Pyridine-2-carbaldehyde, also called 2-formylpyridine, is an organic compound with the formula NC 5 H 4 CHO. It is one of three isomeric pyridinaldehydes. The other isomers are pyridine-3-carboxaldehyde and pyridine-4-carboxaldehyde. Pyridine-2-carbaldehyde is a colorless oily liquid with a distinctive odor.
2-Methylpyridine, or 2-picoline, is the compound described with formula C 6 H 7 N. 2-Picoline is a colorless liquid that has an unpleasant odor similar to pyridine. It is mainly used to make vinylpyridine and the agrichemical nitrapyrin .
It is one of three isomeric pyridinaldehydes. The other isomers are pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde and pyridine-4-carboxaldehyde. It is a colorless liquid that is routinely available commercially. It can be produced from nicotinonitrile. Alternatively, it arises by the aerobic oxidation of the corresponding alcohol. [1]